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1、JournaloftheAmericanCollegeofCardiologyVol.54,No.7,2009©2009bytheAmericanCollegeofCardiologyFoundationISSN0735-1097/09/$36.00PublishedbyElsevierInc.doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2009.02.084STATE-OF-THE-ARTPAPEROmega-3PolyunsaturatedFattyAcidsandCardiovascularDiseasesCarlJ.Lavie,MD,*RichardV.Milani,MD,*Mand
2、eepR.Mehra,MD,HectorO.Ventura,MD*NewOrleans,Louisiana;andBaltimore,MarylandOmega-3polyunsaturatedfattyacid(-3PUFA)therapycontinuestoshowgreatpromiseinprimaryand,particu-larlyinsecondarypreventionofcardiovascular(CV)diseases.ThemostcompellingevidenceforCVbenefitsof-3PUFAcomesfrom4controlledtrial
3、sofnearly40,000participantsrandomizedtoreceiveeicosapentaenoicacid(EPA)withorwithoutdocosahexaenoicacid(DHA)instudiesofpatientsinprimaryprevention,aftermyo-cardialinfarction,andmostrecently,withheartfailure(HF).Wediscusstheevidencefromretrospectiveepide-miologicstudiesandfromlargerandomizedcontr
4、olledtrialsshowingthebenefitsof-3PUFA,specificallyEPAandDHA,inprimaryandsecondaryCVpreventionandprovideinsightintopotentialmechanismsoftheseob-servedbenefits.ThetargetEPADHAconsumptionshouldbeatleast500mg/dayforindividualswithoutun-derlyingovertCVdiseaseandatleast800to1,000mg/dayforindividualswit
5、hknowncoronaryheartdiseaseandHF.FurtherstudiesareneededtodetermineoptimaldosingandtherelativeratioofDHAandEPA-3PUFAthatprovidesmaximalcardioprotectioninthoseatriskofCVdiseaseaswellinthetreatmentofatherosclerotic,arrhythmic,andprimarymyocardialdisorders.(JAmCollCardiol2009;54:585–94)©2009bytheAm
6、ericanCollegeofCardiologyFoundationFishoilisawhaleofastory,thatnotsurprisinglytheirimpactonthepreventionandtreatmentofCVdiseasesgetsbiggerwitheverytelling.(2)(Table1).Mostoftheevidenceforbenefitsofthe-3Rogans(1)PUFAhasbeenobtainedforeicosapentaenoicacid(EPA)anddocosahexaenoicacid(DHA),thelong-ch
7、ainfattyFishoilisobtainedinthehumandietbyeatingoilyfish,acidsinthisfamily.Thereis,however,someepidemiolog-suchasherring,mackerel,salmon,albacoretuna,andicalsupportforabenefitfromalpha-linolenicacid(ALA),sardines,orbyconsumingfi
