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1、Mydearfriends,whenyoucometoacity,youprobablywanttovisitthemostfamousscenicspotsofspecialinterest.nanjinghasmanyplaceofhistoricinterestsandhasbeencapitalforsix"dynasties."butifyouleavenanjingwithoutvisitingdr.sunyat-sen'smausoleum,undoubtedlyyouhavemissedthemostarrestingan
2、dfamoustouristattractionofthecity.Talkingaboutthemausoleumweshouldhaveanideaaboutsunyat-sen,thegreatpioneerofchinesedemocraticrevolution.mr.sun`soriginalnameissunwenandstyledhimselfyat-sen.soforeignfriendswouldcallhim"dr.sunyat-sen".sincehetook"woodcutterinzhoushan"ashisa
3、liaswhenhetookpartintherevolutionaryactivities,hewasrespectfullyandwidelycalledmr.sunzhongshaninchina.onoctober12,1866,mr.sunwasborninafarmer'sfamilyincaihengvillageofxiangshancounty(thepresent-dayzhongshangcity),guangdongprovince.whenhewasstillyoung,hehadgreatexpectation
4、s.hestudiedmedicineinhonolulu,hongkongandsomeotherplacesandaftergraduationheworkedasapractitioneringangzhou,macaoandotherplaceslaterhegaveupmedicineashisprofessiontotakepartinpoliticalactivities.in1905,hesetupchinaallianceorganizationinjapanandhewaselectedpresident.heputf
5、orwardthefamousguidingprinciple-"drivingtheinvadersout,restoringthesovereigntyofchina,establishingarepublicandequalizingthelandownership"andthethreepeople'sprinciples-"nationalism,democracyandthepeople'slivelihood."onoctober10,1911,thewuchanguprisingbrokeoutanddr.sunasele
6、ctedinrterimpresidentoftherepublicofchinabyrepresentativesfromseventeenprovinces.onthefollowingnewyear'sday(january1,1912)mr.suntooktheoathofofficeinnanjing.fromthenon,mr.sunexperiencedyuanshikai'susurpation,thesecondrevolution,"campaignprotectingtheinterimconstitution."i
7、n1921,mr.suntookthepositionofpresidentinunusualtimesinguangzhou.atthefirstnationalcongressofkuomintangheldinquangzhouin1924,heperfectedtheoriginalthreepeople'sprinciplesandputforwardthreepeople'snewprinciples.healsoproposedthepoliciesof"makinganalliancewithrussiaandthecom
8、munistpartyofchinaandhelpingthefarmersandworkers."innovember1924,inspiteofhisillness,mr.sunwentu
