托福考试中常考的生物类词汇

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1、18.生物BiologyplusCharlesDarwin“theTheoryofEvolution”进化论Classification分类物竞天择，适者生存ThestrongestsurvivesAdaptation适应性NaturalselectionInherited遗传的（adj/v）heredityGeneGeneticsClass纲Order目Family科Genus属Species种Herbivorous食草的herbalteaherbivoreCarnivorous食肉的carn-肉carnivoreVege

2、tarian素食者Omnivorous杂食者的omni-全/所有Omnivore杂食动物Diet素食Invertebrate无脊椎动物octopus章鱼Vertebrate脊椎动物fish------Mammal哺乳类*givebirthliveyoung*breathethroughlung*warm-blooded(endotherm)~~~Cetaceans鲸目动物Whale鲸/dolphin海豚/porpoise鼠海豚Breedingmethod/mate繁殖方法Thermoregulation温度调节Inhabit

3、ed有人居住的habitatUltrasound超声波Echolocationsystem回声定位系统Echo/locationRelease/emitReceiveSoundpollution声音污染Disorientation~~~Rodent啮齿动物Beaver海狸Squirrel松鼠MarmotMoleRat/mouseConstantgrowing不断生长的/Incisors门牙Gnaw磨Arboreal生活在树上的BurrowundergroundReproductiveability繁殖能力~~~Marsupi

4、al有袋动物Pouch袋子Kangaroo/wallabyBounceKoalaOpossum负鼠~~~Primate灵长类Orangutan红毛猩猩Gorilla大猩猩Chimpanzee黑猩猩Intelligence智慧Socialanimal群居动物solitaryanimal独居动物~~~megafauna大型哺乳动物ElephantInfrasound次声波Spectrum波普Lowfrequency低频Bat蝙蝠Nocturnal夜间活动的Owl猫头鹰Diurnal日间的Cellmembrane细胞膜Membra

5、nouswingMembrane膜------Reptiles爬行动物（类）*layegg*breathethroughlung*cold-blooded/hibernation~~~snakeVenom毒液eject/injectFang尖牙Secrete分泌secretionScale鳞片frictionVenomoussnake毒蛇--cobra眼镜蛇/viper响尾蛇Non-venomoussnake--boa/pythonSuffocatetheprey使猎物窒息Strangle~~~Lizard蜥蜴Komodod

6、ragonCarrion腐肉Bonyplates骨板Chameleon变色龙Pigment色素Melanin黑色素Camouflage伪装BlendinwithGecko壁虎Regeneration再生*******不是爬行类****DinosaursTyrannosaurus暴龙T-RexStegosaurus剑龙Pterodactyl翼手龙Diplodocus梁龙Hypothesis假设Scenario方案Asteroidimpact小行星撞击Extinct/extinctionVolcaniceruption-----

7、Avian鸟类的*layegg*breathethroughlung*warm-bloodedAvianflu禽流感Specialsense空间感知Migrate迁移Migratorybirds候鸟3DimensionalspaceBeak/bill鸟嘴喙Aflockofvulture一群秃鹰Claw爪子Macaw金刚鹦鹉Hawk鹰；咳嗽；捕捉Keensight敏锐眼睛Parrot鹦鹉Feather/plumageHollowsinbonesAirsac气囊adjustelevation-----Amphibian两栖动物*

8、layeggs*breathethroughlungandabsorboxygenthroughskin*cold-bloodedSemi-aquatic半水性的Frog青蛙Frogspawn蛙卵Salamander蝾螈Metamorphosis变形，变态Toad蟾蜍Malformatio