浸入式水口外文翻译

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1、FiniteElementAnalysisAppliedtoRedesignofSubmergedEntryNozzlesforSteelmakingAbstractTheproductionofsteelbycontinuouscastingisfacilitatedbytheuseofrefractoryhollow-warecomponents.Acriticalcomponentinthisprocessisthesubmergedentrynozzle(SEN).Thenormaloperatingc

2、onditionsoftheSENarearduous,involvinglargetemperaturegradientsandexposuretomechanicalforcesarisingfromtheflowofmoltensteel;experimentaldevelopmentofthecomponentsischallenginginsohazardousanenvironment.Theeffectsofthethermalstressconditionsinrelationtoawell-t

3、rieddesignwerethereforesimulatedusingafiniteelementanalysisapproach.Itwasconcludedfromanalysesthatfailuresofthetypebeingexperiencedarecausedbythelargetemperaturegradientwithinthenozzle.Theanalysespointedtowardsasupportedshoulderareaofthenozzlebeingmostvulner

4、abletofailureandpracticalin-serviceexperienceconfirmedthis.Asadirectconsequenceoftheinvestigation,designmodifications,incorporatingchangestoboththeinternalgeometryandtothenatureoftheintermediatesupportmaterial,wereimplemented,therebysubstantiallyreducingthes

5、tresseswithintheAl2O3/graphiteceramicliner.Industrialtrialsofthismodifieddesignestablishedthatthecomponentreliabilitywouldbesignificantlyimprovedandthedesignhasnowbeenimplementedinseriesproduction.Keywords:finiteelement;thermalstress;refractory;submergedentr

6、ynozzle;continuouscasting;steelmaking;design;aluminagraphite.1INTRODUCTION1.1RefractoryComponentsinSteelmakingThefunctionofrefractorycomponentsinthecontinuouscastingofsteelistwo-fold.First,theliquidsteelmustbecontained,directedandintroducedintothecastingmoul

7、dinacontrolledmanner.Moderncastinginvolvespouringanumberofladlesofsteelinacontinuoussequencewhichrequirestheestablishmentofareservoirofliquidandtheabilitytochangeceramiccomponentsifnecessaryduringthecastingsequence,Fig.1.Thesecondfunctionoftherefractorynozzl

8、esistoprotecttheliquidsteelflowfromthepossibilityofoxidationbyairduringcastingwhichwouldresultinunacceptablelevelsofoxideinclusionsinthesteel.Thelifeofsuchnozzlesisinvariablyshort,typicallyonthe