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1、2017.8幻灯片2What?How?1.动名词：由动词演变而成的名词，因来源是动词，作名词使用，同时具有一些动词特征，故称为动名词。2.动名词的语法功能：主语宾语表语定语幻灯片3动名词作主语句首或以it形式主语开头，置于句末。1.将先前用于阅读文学的时间转移到浅薄的娱乐形式上，普遍降低了文化层次。Divertingtimepreviouslyspentinreadingliteraturetotrivialformsofentertainmenthasloweredthelevelofcultureingeneral.2.牛奶已洒，哭
2、已无用。Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.Itisnouse/good+doingsth.3.现在担心那件事是没用的。Itisnogoodworryingaboutthatthingnow.4.你这样匆忙离开是很危险的。Itisveryriskyyourgoingoffinsuchahurry.5.燃烧煤炭和石油产生大量的污染。Burningcoalandoilcreateslotsofpollution.幻灯片4动名词作宾语介词后面的动词必须+ing，部分动词后面的动词必须+ing。这些动词有：acknowle
3、dge,admit,advocate,allow,anticipate,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,deny,enjoy,escape,finish,forbid,imagine,include,involve,mind,permit,postpone,quit,recommend,require,risk,suggest,can'thelp,giveup,putoff幻灯片51.她一再找借口拖延，不肯去看医生。Shefoundoneexcuseafteranothertopostponegoingt
4、othedoctor.postpone/delay/putoff为近义词，用法一致，+Ving。2.他们全都否认曾见过她。Theyalldeniedeverhavingseenher.denyhavingdonesth/denydoingsth与反义词acknowledge/admit用法一致，+Ving。3.副总统承认受贿。TheVicePresidentadmittedtakingbrides.4.计算机系正在考虑在秋季开设晚班。Thecomputerdepartmentisconsideringofferingeveningcla
5、ssesinthefall.幻灯片65.有些人喜欢冒险和尝试新事物。Somepeopleenjoytakingrisksandtryingnewthings.6.轴承需要润滑。Thebearingsneedlubricating.Sth.needs/requires/wantsdoing/tobedone.7.这个问题值得调查。Thisproblemisworthinvestigating.worthadj.n.Sth.isworthbeingdone.XSth.isworthdoingsth.Sth.isworthofdoingsth
6、./todosth.Itisworthwhiletodosth./doingsth.幻灯片7动名词作表语1.学习中最难的环节之一就是保持注意力。Oneofthehardestpartsoflearningiskeepingyourattention.2.人生是画一幅图画，而不是做一道算术题。Lifeispaintingapicture,notdoingasum.幻灯片8动名词作定语动名词作定语修饰名词，主要表示名词的功能与用途。1.这些建议是谈判的现实出发点。Theseproposalsrepresentarealisticstarti
7、ngpointfornegotiation.2.更低的房价可大大改善普通人的生活水平。Cheaperhousingwouldvastlyimprovethelivingstandardsofordinarypeople.幻灯片9动名词作定语时常与名词搭配构成短语常用的包括：dininghalldrivinglicenselivingcostsplayinggroundsittingroomswimmingpoolworkingconditiondrinkingwaterfillingstationoperatingroomreading
8、roomsleepingpillwashingmachinewritingdesk幻灯片10介词to+动名词常见表达：advantageto=advantageofastokeytoobjecttoreso
