r statistical application development statistical inference

r statistical application development statistical inference

ID:7511074

大小:3.52 MB

页数:32页

时间:2018-02-16

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1、5StatisticalInferenceInthepreviouschapter,wecameacrossnumeroustoolsthatgavefirstinsightsofexploratoryevidenceintothedistributionofdatasetsthroughvisualtechniquesaswellasquantitativemethods.Thenextstepisthetranslationoftheseexploratoryresultstoconfirmatoryonesandthetopicsofthecurrentchapt

2、erpursuethisgoal.IntheDiscretedistributionsandContinuousdistributionssectionsofChapter1,DataCharacteristics,wecameacrossmanyimportantfamiliesofprobabilitydistribution.Inpracticalscenarios,wehavedataonhandandthegoalistoinferabouttheunknownparametersoftheprobabilitydistributions.Thischapte

3、rfocusesononemethodofinferencefortheparametersusingthemaximumlikelihoodestimator(MLE).Anotherwayofapproachingthisproblemisbyfittingaprobabilitydistributionforthedata.TheMLEisapointestimateoftheunknownparameterthatneedstobesupplementedwitharangeofpossiblevalues.Thisisachievedthroughconfid

4、enceintervals.Finally,thechapterconcludeswiththeimportanttopicofhypothesistesting.Youwilllearnthefollowingthingsafterreadingthroughthischapter:VisualizingthelikelihoodfunctionandidentifyingtheMLEFittingthemostplausiblestatisticaldistributionforadatasetConfidenceintervalsfortheestimatedpa

5、rametersHypothesistestingoftheparametersofastatisticaldistributionStatisticalInferenceUsingexploratorytechniqueswehadourfirstexpositionwiththeunderstandingofadataset.AsanexampleintheoctanedatasetwefoundthatthemedianofMethod_2waslargerthanthatofMethod_1.Asexplainedinthepreviouschapter,wen

6、eedtoconfirmwhateverexploratoryfindingswehadwithadataset.Recallthatthehistogramsandstem-and-leafdisplayssuggestanormaldistribution.Aquestionthatarisesthenishowdoweassertthecentervalues,typicallythemean,ofanormaldistributionandhowdoweconcludethataverageoftheMethod_2procedureexceedsthatofM

7、ethod_1.Theformerquestionisansweredbyestimationtechniquesandthelaterwithtestinghypotheses.ThisformsthecoreofStatisticalInference.MaximumlikelihoodestimatorLetusconsiderthediscreteprobabilitydistributionsasseenintheDiscretedistributionssectionofChapter1,DataCharacteristics

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