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1、AnnalsofTour&nResearch,Vol.21,pp.121-139,19940160-7383194$6.00+.ooPrintedintheUSA.AI1rightsreserved.Copyright01993PergamonPressLtd.DEVELOPINGATOURISMIMPACTATTITUDESCALESamuelV.LankfordUniversityofHawaii,USADennisR.HowardOhioStateUniversity,USAAbstract:Amultipleitemtourismimpactattitudescale(
2、TIAS)wasde-velopedinresponsetotheneedforstandardizedmeasurementofresidentattitudestowardtourismdevelopment.Thescaledevelopmentprocessandtestingofthescaleisdescribedinthispaper.Thetourismimpactliteraturecitesanumberofkeyindependentvariablesthatinfluenceatti-tudestowardtourism.UsingtheTIAS,amu
3、ltipleregressionmodelwasusedtotesttheeffectsoftheseindependentvariablesonresidentattitudestowardtourismdevelopmentintheColumbiaRiverGorgeregionofOregonandWashington,USA.Implicationsfortourismdevelopmentandplanningaredescribed.Keywords:attitudescale,tourismimpacts,hostcommunityinvolvement,dev
4、elopment,planning,resident,Colum-biaRiverGorge.R&urn&Ledeveloppementd’unetchelledesattitudesenversl’impactdutourisme.UneCchelledesattitudesenversl’impactdutourisme,com-prenantplusieurspoints,aCtCdCveloppCenreponseaubesoind’unmes-uragestandardisdesattitudesdeshabitantsenversledtveloppementdut
5、ourisme.OndCcritleprocessuspourdCvelopperl’tchelleetsamiseBl’essai.Ladocumentationsurl’impactdutourismeprhsenteplusieursvariablesindependantesimportantesquiinfluencentlesattitudes.Avecl’aidedel’&helle,onanalyse,parunmodtlederbgressionmultiple,leseffetsdecesvariablesindCpendantssurlesattitude
6、sdeshabitantsenversledeveloppementdutourismedanslaregiondelaGorgeduColumbia,danslesCtatsd’ortgonetWashington,USA.Ondiscutelesimplicationspourled&eloppementetlaplantificationdutourisme.Mots-cl&:Cchelledesattitudes,impactsdutourisme,participationdelacommunautCd’ac-cueil,dCveloppement,planifica
7、tion,habitant,GorgeduColumbia.INTRODUCTIONRecreationandtourismareseenasimportanteconomicactivitiesbylocaljurisdictionswishingtoenhancethelocaleconomy.Asacon-sequence,theterm“tourismimpact”hasbeengainingincreasingatten-SamuelLankfordisAssistantProfe
