the effect of protest zeros on estimates of willingness to pay in healthcare contingent valuation analysis

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1、PApplHealthEconHealthPolicy2010;8(4):225-237RACTICALAPPLICATION1175-5652/10/0004-0225/$49.95/0ª2010AdisDataInformationBV.Allrightsreserved.TheEffectofProtestZerosonEstimatesofWillingnesstoPayinHealthcareContingentValuationAnalysis112WilliamM.Fonta,H.EmeIchokuandJan

2、eKabubo-Mariara1UniversityofNigeria,HealthandEnvironmentalEconomicsUnit,DepartmentofEconomics,Nsukka,EnuguState,Nigeria2SchoolofEconomics,UniversityofNairobi,Nairobi,KenyaContentsAbstract..............................................................................

3、...2251.TheRationaleforControllingMalariainBambalang,Ndop,Cameroon........................2272.WhatRoleDoElicitationFormatsPlayinMinimizingProtestZeros?.............................2282.1Open-EndedApproach............................................................

4、2282.2BiddingGameTechnique...........................................................2282.3PaymentCardApproach...........................................................2292.4DichotomousChoiceFormat........................................................2293.Data..

5、...............................................................................2294.EconometricModels...................................................................2305.EmpiricalResults.......................................................................2315.

6、1SampleStatistics...................................................................2315.2ComparisonofMeansandStandardDeviationsbyGroupsofRespondents................2315.3DeterminantsofHouseholds’WillingnesstoPay(WTP)fortheScheme.....................2325.4Evaluatin

7、gtheEfficiencyoftheThreeEstimators........................................2335.5MeanWTPPredictions..............................................................2346.Discussion.............................................................................2357.Conclusi

8、ons...........................................................................236Abstract‘Protestzeros’occurwhenrespondentsrejectsomeaspectofthec