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1、The Little SAS Book: A Primer, Fifth EditionChapter5:EnhancingYourOutputwithODS"Somemenseethingsastheyareandsay,'Why.'Idreamthingsthatneverwereandsay,'Whynot.'"RobertF.KennedyFromRespectfullyQuoted:ADictionaryofQuotationsfromtheLibraryofCongress,editedbySuzyPlatt,copyright1992byLibra
2、ryofCongress.BasedonGeorgeBernardShaw,BacktoMethuselah,act1,1949.5.1ConceptsoftheOutputDeliverySystemYoumightthinkthatproceduresproduceoutput.Theydon't.Technically,proceduresproduceonlydata.ThentheysendthatdatatotheOutputDeliverySystem(ODS)whichdetermineswheretheoutputshouldgoandwhat
3、itshouldlooklikewhenitgetsthere.ThatmeansthequestiontoaskyourselfisnotwhetheryouwanttouseODS—youalwaysuseODS.Thequestioniswhethertoacceptdefaultoutputorchoosesomethingelse.ODSislikeabusyairport.Passengersarrivebycarandbus.Onceattheairport,passengerscheckbaggage,passsecurity,eventuall
4、yboardaplane,andflyouttotheirdestinations.InODS,dataarelikepassengersarrivingfromvariousprocedures.ODSprocesseseachsetofdataandsendsitofftoitsproperdestination.Infact,differenttypesofODSoutputarecalleddestinations.Whatyourdatalooklikewhentheygettotheirdestinationisdeterminedbytemplat
5、es.AtemplateisasetofinstructionstellingODShowtoformatyourdata.Thesetwoconcepts—destinationsandtemplates—arefundamentaltounderstandingwhatyoucandowithODS.DestinationsStartingwithSAS9.3ifyoudon'tspecifyadestination,youroutputwillbesent,bydefault,toHTMLwhenyouusetheSASwindowingenvironme
6、ntinMicrosoftWindowsorUNIX.WithSAS9.2andearlier,thedefaultdestinationwasLISTING.LISTINGisstillthedefaultforprogramsruninbatchorinotheroperatingenvironments.Herearethemajordestinations:HTMLHypertextMarkupLanguageLISTINGtextoutputPDFPortableDocumentFormatPSPostScriptPRINTERhigh-resolut
7、ionprinteroutputRTFRichTextFormatMARKUPmarkuplanguagesincludingXMLDOCUMENToutputdocumentOUTPUTSASdatasetMostofthesedestinationsaredesignedtocreateoutputforviewingonascreenorforprinting.TheLISTINGdestinationiswhatappearsintheOutputwindowintheSASwindowingenvironment,orinthelistingorout
8、putfileifyou
