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1、Unit1英译汉：15Outlinesareessentialtoeffectivespeeches.Byoutlining,youmakesurethatrelatedideasaretogether,thatyourthoughtsflowfromonetoanother,andthatthestructureofyourspeechiscoherent.Youwillprobablyusetwokindsofoutlinesforyourspeeches--thedetailedpreparationoutlineandthebrie
2、fspeakingoutline.发言提纲是有效发言的基础。通过写发言提纲，你可以确保你的想法是关联的，你的思路从一点谈到另一点，你的讲话结构是连贯的，通常准备演讲你可以采用两种提纲方式：详细准备提纲和简单发言提纲。Inapreparationoutline,youshouldstateyourspecificpurposeandcentralidea,andidentifymainpointsandsub--pointsusingaconsistentpattern.Thespeakingoutlineshouldconsistofbri
3、efnotestohelpyouwhileyoudeliverthespeech.Itshouldcontainkeywordsorphrasestobolsteryourmemory.Inmakingupyourspeakingoutline,followthesamevisualframeworkusedinyourpreparationoutline.Keepthespeakingoutlineasbriefaspossibleandbesureitisplainlylegible在准备提纲中，应该写出你的特定目的及中心思想，并以连贯
4、的方式确定主要观点和次要观点。发言提纲应该由简要的提要组成，这些提要在你讲话时能够给你一些帮助。发言提纲还应包括帮助你记忆的重点词或重点短语。在写发言提纲时，可采用准备提纲的模式，尽可能使你的发言提纲简要，同时，要确保提纲清晰、易于辨认。汉译英：当你发表学术演讲时，首先要做好充分的准备；其次，你演讲的主要观点要明确，层次要清楚。演讲时，语速不要过快，语言要清晰。不要总是在读你准备好的稿子。最后，你应该经常看一下你的听众。这样，一方面你对你的听众表示尊重，另一方面，你可以更顺利地进行你的演讲。Beforeyoudeliveranacademi
5、cspeech,firstlyyoushouldgetwellpreparedforit.Then,youshouldmakeyourmajorpointsclearinyourspeech,andyourspeechshouldbewellorganized.Whenspeaking,youshouldnotspeaktoofast,andyourlanguageshouldbeexplicit.Don’talwaysreadthenotesyoupreparedbeforehand.Fromtimetotime,youshouldloo
6、katyouraudience.Ononehand,youcanshowyourrespecttoyouraudience,andontheotherhand,youwillbeabletogoonwithyourspeechmoresmoothly.Unit2英译汉：48Energyhasadualrelationshipwithhumanwell-being.Formostofhumanhistory,manhasbeenconcernedmainlyaboutthebenefitsideoftheenergy-well-beingeq
7、uationthanktothelowcostsinvolvedinenergyuse.However,withthestaggeringscaleofenergydemandbroughtforthby100yearsofunprecedentedpopulationgrowth,coupledwithanequallyremarkablegrowthinpercapitademandofindustrialenergyforms,energyentailsincreasinglyhighercosts,bothexternalandin
8、ternalized.Ontheonehand,energyresourcesarereducingatanacceleratingspeedandenergysupplyreq
