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1、辽宁石油化工大学继续教育学院论文350万吨/年大庆原油常压塔工艺计算摘要本次设计主要完成了处理能力为350万吨/年的大庆原油常压塔的设计和计算,其次为塔板的工艺设计和计算。在确定了主要和次要任务后,分别对常压塔和塔板进行设计和计算。常压塔的设计主要依据所给的原油实沸点蒸馏数据及产品的恩氏蒸馏数据,计算产品的各物性数据,找出切割点温度,确定原油的切割方案,计算产品收率。参考同类装置确定塔板数为40层,进料在第36层板,侧线抽出位置分别为塔顶,假设各主要部分的操作温度及操作压力,对全塔进行热平衡计算
2、,确定全塔回流热为106kJ/h。本次设计塔顶采用二级冷凝冷却回流,塔中采用两个中段循环回流,塔顶取热:第一中段回流取热:第二中段回流取热为5:2:3,最后校核各主要部位操作温度都在允许的误差范围内。本次设计主要采用经验图表和经验公式进行计算,计算结果表明:参数的核算结果均在误差允许范围内和经验值范围内。关键词:大庆原油;常压塔;塔板;设计;温度辽宁石油化工大学继续教育学院论文AbstractAatmosphericdistillationcolumn,whichisabletotreatcru
3、doil2MTayear,isdesignedmainly,andatypeoftrayandaatmosphericheateraresecondary.ThedesignoftheatmosphericdistillationcolumnisbasedonthedatumoftruepointdistillationofthecrudeoilandofEnglerdistillationoftheproducts.Thecalculationofproducts′phsicalpropert
4、yparametersandthecutcomceptualandproducts′yieldsarealsobasedonthedatum.Thetraynumberis40,thefeedtrayis36,andthesidestreamwithdrawaltrayarethe1th,10th,20th,30th.Andtheyaredeterminedbyreferringtothesamekindunit.Thefollowingworkistoassumetheoperatingtem
5、peratureandpressureofalltheimportantpointsofthecolumnandtomaketheenergybalancecalculationforthewholecolumn,andmakesureheatofreflueis94.74×106kJ/h.Atwo-gradecondenserisusedontheoverheadofthecolumn,andtwomid-pumparoundonthebody.Theratiooftheenergytaken
6、bythecondensersfromtoptobottomis5:2:3.Finally,thetemperatureassumedshouldbecheckedup.Itisveryimportant.AtypeofF1valvetray,whichweighs33gavalve,isbechosen.It′smaximumvaporloadofthecolumnis2016.07Kmol/h,andoutsidediameteis4.8m.Thetrayspacing0.6m.Sotheh
7、eightofthecolumnbodyis24m.Inthissection,themostimportantworkistocalculatethehydromechanicsperformanceandtheoperatingflexibilityofthetrayis3.33.Thetrayshouldbeoperatedinaproperarea.Ahollowcylindricalpipefurnaceischosen.Inthissection,theparametersofthe
8、radiantsectionandconvectionsectioniscalculatedwiththeempiricalformulas.Thedesignismainlyadoptedempiricalfiguresandempiricalequations.Theresultsshowthattheresultsareintherangepermittedandintherangeofempiricalvalues.Keywords:Daqingcrudeoil;atmosphericd