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1、7期张海艳等:玉米籽粒淀粉积累及相关酶活性分析7玉米籽粒淀粉积累及相关酶活性分析张海艳1,2,董树亭1,高荣岐1,李玉全2(1山东农业大学作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018;2青岛农业大学,山东青岛266109)摘要:【目的】分析玉米籽粒发育过程中灌浆速率、蔗糖代谢、淀粉积累及相关酶活性的变化,了解玉米籽粒淀粉积累的控制机理。【方法】以高淀粉玉米(费玉3号)和普通玉米(豫玉22)为材料,进行大田试验,采用比色法测定蔗糖含量,采用双波长法测定淀粉及其组分含量的变化动态,参照Dougla
2、s等的方法测定蔗糖合成酶(SS)活性,参照Nakamura等的方法测定腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶(ADPGPPase)、束缚态淀粉合成酶(GBSS)、淀粉分支酶(SBE)和去分支酶(DBE)的活性。【结果】灌浆速率、蔗糖含量、淀粉积累速率及SS、GBSS、SBE活性的高低均存在明显的基因型差异,授粉后10d后,费玉3号上述指标均高于豫玉22。相关性分析表明,灌浆中后期SS活性与淀粉积累速率和籽粒灌浆速率均呈(极)显著正相关;ADPGPPase、DBE活性与淀粉积累速率和籽粒灌浆速率的相关性未达到
3、显著水平;GBSS活性与直链淀粉积累速率呈极显著正相关,与籽粒灌浆速率相关性不显著;SBE活性与支链淀粉积累速率和籽粒灌浆速率呈极显著正相关。【结论】ADPGPPase和DBE不是影响玉米籽粒中淀粉积累的关键酶;SS是淀粉积累的限速因子;GBSS对直链淀粉积累起重要的调节作用;SBE对支链淀粉积累起关键作用。关键词:玉米;籽粒;直链淀粉;支链淀粉;灌浆速率;酶活性StarchAccumulationandEnzymesActivitiesAssociatedwithStarchSynthesis
4、inMaizeKernelsZHANGHai-yan1,2,DONGShu-ting1,GAORong-qi1,LIYu-quan2(1StateKeyLaboratoryofCropBiology,ShandongAgriculturalUniversity,Tai’an271018,Shandong;2QingdaoAgriculturalUniversity,Qingdao266109,Shandong)Abstract:【Objective】Fillingrateandstarchacc
5、umulationindevelopingmaizekernelwereanalyzed.Thechangesofenzymeactivitiesassociatedwithsucrosemetabolismandstarchbiosynthesiswereinvestigated.Thepurposeistoanalyzetheenzymaticmechanismsresponsibleforstarchsynthesis.【Method】Twotypesofmaize(Zeamays)cul
6、tivars,highstarchmaize(Feiyu3)andnormalmaize(Yuyu22),weregrowninacornfield.Sucrosecontentwasdeterminedwithcolorimetry.Contentofstarchanditscomponentwasmeasuredwiththemethodofdouble-wavelength.Sucrosesynthase(SS)activitywasassayedusingthemethoddescrib
7、edbyDouglas,etal.ADP-glucosepyrophosphorylase(ADPGPPase),granule-boundstarchsynthase(GBSS),starchbranchingenzyme(SBE)andstarchdebranchingenzyme(DBE)activitieswereassayedusingthemethoddescribedbyNakamuraetal.【Result】Kernelfillingrate,sucrosecontent,st
8、archaccumulatingratesandtheactivitiesofSS,GBSS,SBEofFeiyu3,whichhashighstarchcontent,weresignificantlyhigherthanthoseofYuyu22,whichhaslowstarchcontent,after10DAP(daysafterpollination).CorrelationanalysisindicatedthatADPGPPaseandDBEwerenotcorrelatedwi