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1、毕业设计题目:年产20万吨甲醇制二甲醚工艺设计学院:化学与材料工程学院专业:化学工程与工艺姓名:学号:完成时间:2014.3.25—2014.5.20河南城建学院本科毕业设计设计说明设计说明作为液化石油气(LPG)和石油类的替代燃料,目前二甲醚(DME)倍受注目。DME是具有与LPG的物理性质相类似的化学品,在燃烧时不会产生破坏环境的气体,能便宜而大量地生产。与甲烷一样,被期望成为21世纪的能源之一。目前生产的二甲醚基本上由甲醇脱水制得,即先合成甲醇,然后经甲醇脱水制成二甲醚。甲醇脱水制二甲醚分为液相法和气相法两种工艺,本设计采用气
2、相法制备二甲醚工艺。将甲醇加热蒸发,甲醇蒸气通过γ-AL2O3催化剂床层,气相甲醇脱水制得二甲醚。气相法的工艺过程主要由甲醇加热、蒸发、甲醇脱水、二甲醚冷凝及精馏等组成。甲醇气相法合成二甲醚是目前国内外二甲醚生产的主要工艺,该法以精甲醇为原料,脱水反脱水和二甲醚精馏等工艺。目前国外公布的大型二甲醚建设项目绝大多数采用两步法工艺技术,说明甲醇气相法有较强的综合竞争力。关键词:二甲醚,甲醇,工艺设计I河南城建学院本科毕业设计DesignspecificationDesignspecificationAsLPGandoilalter
3、nativefuel,DMEhasdrawnattentionsatpresent.PhysicalpropertiesofDMEissimilarforLPG,anddon’tproducecombustiongastodamagetheenvironment,so,Itcanbeproducedlargely.Likemethane,DMEisexpectedtobecome21stcenturyenergyresources,DMEispreparedbymethanoldehydration,namely,synthetic
4、methanolfirstandthenmethanoldehydrationtodimethyletherbymethanoldehydration.MethanoldehydrationtoDMEisdividedintotwokindsofliquidphaseandgas-phaseprocess.Thisdesignusesaprocessgasofdimethyletherpreparedbydimethyl.Heatingmethanoltoevaporation,methanolvaporthroughtheγ-Al
5、2O3catalystbed,vapormethanoldehydrationtodimethyletherby[2]. Thisprocessismadeofmethanolprocessheating,evaporation,dehydrationofmethanol,dimethylethercondensationanddistillationetc.Methanolgasphasemethodsynthesisofdimethyletherisathomeandabroadanddimethylether,themaint
6、echnologyofproductionwithfinemethanolasrawmaterials,dehydrated,reactionby-productsless,dimethyletherpurityof99.9%,thecraftismature,thedevicewideadaptability,simplepost-treatment,canbedirectlybuiltinmethanolproductionfactory,alsocanbebuiltinotherpublicfacilitiesgoodthem
7、ethanolproductionfactory.Thelawshouldpassmethanolsynthesis,methanoldistillation,methanoldehydrationanddimethyletherdistillation,etc.Atpresentforeignlargedimethyletherreleasedmostoftheconstructionprojectbytwo-stepprocesstechnology,explainmethanolgasphasemethodhasthestro
8、ngcomprehensivecompetitivepower.Keywords:dimethylether,methanol,processdesignI河南城建学院本科毕业设计目录目录前言11绪论21.1二甲醚概述21.1.1二甲