上海市崇明区2021届高三一模英语试题Word版含解析

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崇明区2021届第一次高考模拟考试试卷英语试卷（考试时间120分钟，满分140分）I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whenwastheoriginalboardingtime?A.At5:50p.m.B.At5:40p.m.C.At6:30p.m.D.At7:20p.m.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme.DoyouhaveanyinformationaboutNortheastflight?W:Yes,theflightisdelayedby50minutes.Boardingisnowat6:30p.m.Q:Whenwastheoriginalboardingtime?2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Inacinema.C.Inasnackbar.D.Inagrocerystore.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Seethatguyoverthereinthecorner?Hecomesineverydayandjustsitsthereforhours.W:It’sodd,butthereisnotmuchwecandoaslongasheorderssomethingtoeatordrink. Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanimply?A.Thecoffeeusedtotastebetter.B.He’dratherdrinksomethingdifferent.C.Thecoffeetastesthesameasbefore.D.He’ssurprisedthewomandrinkscoffee.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Oh,coffeeinthisrestauranthasreallyimproved.Theymusthavechangedsuppliers.M:Really?Youcantasteadifference?Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersmostprobablydothen?A.Lookformoreinformation.B.Askformoretimetofinishtheirplan.C.Leavetheirplanunfinished.D.Finishtheirplanwiththematerialavailable.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W:Idon’tthinkwe’vegotenoughinformationforourplan.Butasit’sduetomorrow,Iguessthereisn’tmuchwecandoaboutit.M:Atthispoint,we’lljusthavetomakedowithwhatwehavegot.Q:Whatwillthespeakersmostprobablydothen?5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanimplythewomanshoulddonextyear?A.Stayinthedormitory.B.Askforacutinherrent.C.Moveintoanapartment.D.Paymoreattentiontoherprivacy.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Idon’tthinkIwanttoliveinthedormitorynextyear.Ineedmoreprivacy.M:Iknowwhatyoumean.Butcheckoutthecostofrentinganapartmentfirst. Q:Whatdoesthemanimplythewomanshoulddonextyear?6.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.ThemansawEmmawearingthesweater.B.Thesweaterisverycommon.C.SheseldomborrowsclothesfromEmma.D.Shedidwearthesweateryesterday.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Yoursweaterissounusual,butitlooksfamiliar.DidIseeyouwearingityesterday?W:Well,notme.ThesweaterbelongstomyroommateEmma.She’sinyourchemistryclass.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?7.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Thepeopletoattendthemeeting.B.Theproceduresforthemeeting.C.Thetimetoholdthemeeting.D.Theplaceforthemeeting.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W:Ithinkweshouldholdourfirstmeetinginthelibrarynow.Sofar,eightofusplantocome.M:Oh,ifthereweren’tmorethanfour,myofficecouldbeagoodchoice.ButnowIhavetotakeyoursuggestion.Q:Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?8.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Theconcerthasalreadybegun.B.Thewomanneedn’tgototheboxoffice.C.He’salreadygotaticketforthewoman.D.Thenewspaperhasnoinformationonthetickets.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:I’mheadingovertothetheatreboxofficetogettheticketsfortheweekendconcert beforethey’reallgone.M:ButfromwhatI’vereadinthenewspaper,you’realreadytoolate.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?9.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.ShewilldriveJohn’scartotheairport.B.Johncangiveheraridetotheairport.C.ShehascancelledherflightonTuesday.D.JohncanattendthemeetingonTuesday.【答案】B【解析】原文】M:IknowIpromisedtodriveyoutotheairportnextTuesday.Butthey’vecalledaspecialmeeting.W:Nobigdeal.Johnsaidhewouldbeavailableasasubstitute.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?10.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanimply?A.Hewenttoseethedentistaweekago.B.Thewoman’stoothachewillgoawaybyitself.C.Thedentistwasfullyoccupiedlastweek.D.Thewomanshouldhaveseenthedentistbynow.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W:Thistoothacheiskillingme!Iwashopingitwouldjustgoawaybutit’sgettingworse.Whatdidyousaythenameofyourdentistwas?M:Itoldyoulastweektomakethatappointment.Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.The passagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Adanceteacher.B.ATVprogram.C.Aballetcompany.D.Asummercamp.12.Whichgroupofpeopleisoneofthetargetsoftheprogram?A.Danceteachers.B.Pooryoungpeople.C.Talenteddancers.D.Creativeyoungpeople.13.Whatcanbegainedfromtheprogram?A.Trainingskills.B.Learningmethods.C.Self-confidence.D.Financialknowledge.【答案】11.D12.B13.C【解析】【原文】Annaisintheeighthgrade.Thissummer,shetookpartinasummerdanceprogramcalledAileyCamp.Itwascreatedin1989inKansasCity,Missouribyaworld-famousdanceranddirector,AlvinAiley.About1,000studentsin10U.S.statestakepartinAileyCampeveryyear.It’safree,six-weekprogramaimedatyoungpeopleinfinancialneedorwhohaveschool,socialorfamilydifficulties.Inadditiontodance,thecampintroducesstudentstovisualarts,creativewritingandothercommunicationskills.Italsoteachesthemhowtoeatwell,solveconflictsandbecomeleaders.Whenthecampisover,thecity’sprofessionalballetcompanyoffers10studentsafull-tuitionscholarshipforayearoftraining.Thescholarshipcanberenewed.KameronDavisreceivedoneofthosescholarshipswhenhewasayoungman.Hetrainedwiththeballetcompanyforthreeyears.Thenhebecameadanceteacher.Davissaidhedoesnotthinkhismothercouldhavepaidfordanceclasseswithoutthescholarship.Davissaidchildrenatschoolmadefunofhimwhenhebegandancing.AileyCamp,hesaid,offeredhimasafeplaceandincreasedhisconfidence.Today,heenjoysgivingbacktotheprogram byhelpingnewcampersbuildtheirconfidence,too.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Lego’splantorentbricksout.B.Lego’splantoproducelesscomplexsets.C.Lego’splantoinvestinanewfield.D.Lego’splantodevelopsustainablematerials.15.What’sthebigproblemLegomaymeetwithincarryingouttheplan?A.Dealingwithlostbricks.B.Findingenoughrawmaterials.C.Reducingcarbonemissions.D.Employingsuitabletechnicians.16.WhatcanbelearnedaboutLego’splan?A.It’scomplexandunrealistic.B.Itcanappealtomorechildren.C.It’seco-friendlybutchallenging.D.Itcanpromotenon-plasticbricks.【答案】14.A15.A16.C【解析】【原文】Lego,theDanishtoymaker,haspromisedtomakeallofitsbricksfromsustainablesourcesby2030.Now,itisconsideringabrickrentalplaninordertocutdownonplasticwaste.TimBrooks,vice-presidentofthecompany,saiditwas“totallyopen”totheideaofaproductrentalplan.Buthealsothoughtthatlostpiecescouldgiverisetoabigproblem.Headmittedthatthereweresome“technicalbarriers”.Forexample,someLegosetsareextremelycomplex,manyofwhichcontainthousandsofpieces.“Whatarethechancesofgivingthemtoaneight-year-oldchildandgettingthemallbackagain?”Brooksadded.“There’salotoftechnicalthinkingthatneedstobedone.We’rerightatthebeginningofthat.”Legohascomeunderincreasingpressuretoreduceitscarbonemissions.Itproduces19billionpiecesperyear—36,000aminute—thataremostlymadeofplastic.Thecompanyreportedlyemitsaroundamilliontonsofcarbondioxideeachyear.Aboutthree-quarterscomefromrawmaterialsthatgointofactories.Legohasalreadyinvestedmorethan100millionpoundstoresearchanddevelopnon-plasticmaterials.Thecompanyintroduceditsfirstplant-basedbricksin2018.Butasforthebrickrental plan,Legoadmitsthattheideaisstillinthetestingstage.It’snowwaitingtoseehowtheplandevelops.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Asuitablelocationforaparty.B.Thesafetyrulesforswimming.C.Agoodmeansofswimmingsafely.D.Theactivitiesforthebirthdayparty.18.Whatmakesthemandisagreetoholdthepartyatthebeach?A.Aggressiveswimmers.B.Lackoflifeguards.C.Uninterestingactivities.D.Potentialbadweather.19.Whatmightthespeakersremindtheirfriendsbeforeandattheparty?A.Tobringsomealcohol.B.Nottoswimalone.C.Tospendlongerinwater.D.Nottoeatbeforeswimming.20.Whatcanbeconcludedfromtheconversation?A.Swimmingcanbetotallysafewithfullconsideration.B.Themangivesprioritytosafetywhenmakingplans.C.Thepartywillbecancelledduetocertainfactors.D.Thewomanisbetteratswimmingthantheman.【答案】17.A18.D19.B20.B【解析】【原文】W:Sincewe’vedecidedtogoswimmingtocelebrateyourbirthday,shallwegotothebeach?Wecanswimandplaybeachvolleyball.Itwouldbesomuchfun!M:Yes,buttherecanbescarytides.W:Relax,Tim.We’llswiminanareaprotectedbylifeguards.M:That’sgood.Butwhatifatyphooniscoming?Thatwillmakeconditionsatthebeachverydangerous.W:We’llchecktheweatherreportonthedayoftheparty.Ifthere’satyphoon,we’llpostponethepartyorhaveanalternativeplan.M:Thenwhydon’twegotoalakeinstead?Wecanswimandhaveabarbecue.Itwouldbesafer.W:Notnecessarily.Youknow,notalllakesaresafeforswimming.Weneedtocheckthecurrents, andbesurethewaterisn’ttoocold.Weshouldalsobealerttoafternoonthunderstorms.M:That’salottoworryabout.Let’sgotoaswimmingpoolandhaveasafepoolsideparty.W:Well,swimmingpoolsaren’tcompletelysafe.Accidentscanalsohappenifpeoplearetooaggressiveinthewater.M:That’strue.Thankfully,wewon’thaveanyalcoholattheparty.Swimmingisextremelydangerouswhenyou’vebeendrinking.W:Itis.Wealsohavetoremindourfriendsnottostayinthewaterfortoolong.Andeveryoneneedsaswimmingpartner.M:You’reright.They’reimportanttorememberwhereverweswim.W:Noplaceiscompletelysafe.Butifwechoosecarefullyandfollowthewatersafetyguidelines,wecanhaveafunparty.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.GeographyMakesaSilentReturnInmanywaysgeographyistheforgottenscience.Eventheword“geography”tendstomakepeoplethinkofstudents___21___(label)mapsinsocialstudiesclass.Butthathasn’talwaysbeentrue.Beforetheinternet,theworldwasamysteriousplace.Inmanycases,peopledidn’treallyknow___22___existedafewmilesfromhome.Studyinggeographyofferedpeopleawaytolearnabouttheworld.Geography,___23___(define)asthestudyofEarth,hasalwayshadafocusonmaps.Butmappinghasn’talwaysbeeneasy.Inthedaysbeforesatellites,mapmakingrequiredyearsofdangerousanddifficultwork.Butmappingalsomeantachanceatadventureandfame.Geographybecamethesubjectofexplorers.Peoplewereeagertohearaboutthenewthingsandplaces___24___geographershadstudied.NationalGeographicisagreatexampleofthisinterest.Formorethanahundredyears,themagazine’sstoriesandpictures___25___(tell)peopleaboutourexcitingworld.Technologyhaschangedthewaypeoplethinkaboutgeography.Travelisnoweasy.The internetmakesinformationsimple___26___(find).Wetrustourphonestotakeus___27___wewanttogo.EvenNationalGeographichasexpandedbeyondtraditionalgeography,butthatdoesn’tmeangeographyhasbecome___28___(important).Whilesomeappsareobviousexamplesofmoderngeographyinaction,geographyremainsimportantinmoresubtle(不易察觉的)ways,too.Geography,whichhelpshousehunters,solvespublichealthissues,anddeterminesgoodlocationsfornewbusinesses,___29___(use)toplancommunitiesaswell.Liketraditionalgeographers,moderngeographersstudymanydifferenttopics.Thatmakesthemwell-suitedformanydifferentjobsandindustries.Today,geographersoftenhavetitleslike“urbanplanner”or“dataanalyst”.Andtheworldisnoticing___30___numberofgraduateswithdegreesingeographyisalsogrowing.Maybeit’stimeforyoutodiscovertheforgottenscienceagain.【答案】21.labelling/labeling22.what23.defined24.that/which25.havetold/havebeentelling26.tofind27.where/wherever28.lessimportant29.isused30.the【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是在许多方面，地理是一门被遗忘的科学，但在互联网出现之前，世界是一个神秘的地方，学习地理为人们了解世界提供了一条途径。除此之外，地理还在许多方面发挥着重要的作用。所以世界上越来越多人和组织重视地理的作用，学习和研究地理的人数也增加了，这表示地理正在默默地回归。【21题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：甚至“地理”这个词也会让人联想到学生在社会研究课上给地图贴标签。分析句子可知谓语动词为tends to，所以动词label(贴标签)应使用非谓语动词形式作宾补，与label逻辑主语students之间为主动关系，应使用现在分词表主动，label的现在分词为labeling/labelling，故填labeling/labelling。【22题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：在很多情况下，人们并不真正知道离家几英里的地方有什么。分析句子结构可知此处包含一个宾语从句，且从句缺少主语，由句意可知是“什么”存在于离家几公里外，所以应用what引导该从句，作从句的主语，故填what。【23题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：地理学被定义为对地球的研究，一直以来都把重点放在地图上。分析句子可知谓语动词为hashad，所以define应使用非谓语动词形式，结合句意可知define和逻辑主语Geography之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，结合介词as可知此处是固定搭配definedas表示“被定义为”，故填defined。【24题详解】考查定语从句。句意：人们渴望听到地理学家研究过的新事物和新地方。分析句子结构可知此处包含一个定语从句，先行词为thenewthingsandplaces(新事物和新地方)，指事物，所以应使用that或which引导该从句，代替先行词作从句的宾语，故填that/which。【25题详解】考查时态。句意：一百多年来，杂志的故事和图片一直在向人们讲述我们这个激动人心的世界。分析句子结构可知，设空处为句子的谓语，结合状语Formorethanahundredyears(一百多年来)及句意可知应使用现在完成时(have/hasdone)或现在完成进行时(have/hasbeendoing)，表示动作“一直”进行，主语themagazine’sstoriesandpictures(杂志的故事和图片)为复数，故填havetold/havebeentelling。【26题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：互联网使信息易于查找。分析句子结构可知谓语为makes，所以find应用非谓语动词形式，makesth.+adj.+todo可视为固定结构，意为“让某事做起来......”。故填tofind。 【27题详解】考查地点状语从句。句意：我们相信我们的手机可以将我们带到我们想去的任何地方。分析句子结合句子可知此处包含一个地点状语从句，所以应使用where或wherever引导该从句，故填where/wherever。【28题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：《国家地理》甚至也已超越了传统地理学，但这并不意味着地理学已变得不那么重要。根据句意“《国家地理》甚至也已超越了传统地理学”以及but表示的转折关系可知，此处应表示这不意味着传统地理学不那么重要，形容词使用比较级形式，“不那么重要”表达为lessimportant。故填lessimportant。【29题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：地理，帮助寻找房屋，解决公共卫生问题，确定新企业的好地点，也被用来规划社区。根据aswell(和，也)可知这是一个并列复合句，动词use(使用，用于)与主语which之间为被动关系，谓语动词应使用被动结构bedone，由语境以及helps可知时态为一般现在时，故填isused。【30题详解】考查冠词。句意：全世界都注意到，拥有地理专业学位的毕业生人数也在增加。根据句意可知，此处考查短语thenumberof“……的数量”。故填the。SectionBDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.customaryB.distinguishC.eliminationD.equallyE.exhaustF.fierceG.focusH.gloryI.happilyJ.juniorK.notable ATennisTournament(锦标赛)withTraditionToday,July2ndkicksofftennis’smajorevent:TheChampionships,Wimbledon,morecommonlyknownasjustWimbledon.HeldinLondonattheAllEnglandClub,itistheoldesttennistournamentintheworld.Overitslonghistory,thetournamenthasdevelopedtraditionswhichhelpto___31___itamongsportsevents.Duringthetournament,playersmustfollowadresscodeandcompetewearingall-whiteclothing.Thisallowsthecompetitorstostandout___32___amongthosedressedinthetennisclub’sofficialcolorsofdarkgreenandpurple.Wimbledon’smost___33___tradition,however,isthatallmatchesareplayedonoutdoorgrasscourts.Infact,Wimbledonistheonlymajortennistournamentstillplayedongrass.SeveralofthecourtsattheAllEnglandClubareonlyusedfortwoweeksayear,duringthechampionships.ForWimbledonplayers,it’sthehonorofalifetimetoplaythegametheyloveonthetennisworld’scenterstage.Inadditiontothe___34___andrecognitionforthewinnersistheannuallyincreasingprizemoneythechampionstakehome.Wimbledonconsistsoffivemaineventswithseveral___35___eventsandinvitationevents.Menandwomen,orgentlemenandladiesasthey’recalledatWimbledon,competeinsinglesanddoublesmatches.Thereisalsomixeddoubles,whereonemanandonewomanmakeupateam.Eventsaremostlysingle___36___tournaments.Onlythegentlemen’s,seniorgentlemen’sandladies’invitationdoublesareround-robin(循环赛)tournaments.Duringthe14daysof___37___competition,nearly500,000peoplewillattendtheevent,includingmembersoftheroyalfamily.OnoccasionthishasincludedthePrinceofWalesandHermajestytheQueen.OneofWimbledon’spasttraditionsrequiredplayerstobowtowardthetournament’shonoredguests.Someplayersstill___38___observethetraditioneventhoughtheplayersarenolongerrequiredtodoso.Astheplayerscompete,thetennisfansalsoparticipateinanothertournamenttraditionbyconsumingthe___39___strawberriesandcream.Withthetennisworld’s____40____nowsetonWimbledon,don’tmisstheopportunitytocatchthismuch-lovedsportingevent.【答案】31.B32.D33.K34.H 35.J36.C37.F38.I39.A40.G【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了传统的网球比赛——温布尔登锦标赛，呼吁抓住观看这个备受喜爱的体育赛事的机会。【31题详解】考查动词。句意：在其漫长的历史中，这项比赛形成了有助于将其与其他体育项目区分开来的传统。根据helpto可知此处要用动词，distinguish“区分”符合题意。故选B。【32题详解】考查副词。句意：这使得参赛者在那些身着网球俱乐部官方颜色的深绿色和紫色的选手中同样脱颖而出。根据standout可知此处要用副词，equally“同样地”符合题意。故选D。【33题详解】考查形容词。句意：不过，温布尔登最引人注目的传统是，所有比赛都在室外草地球场进行。根据tradition可知此处要用形容词，且由Wimbledon’smost可知是形容词的最高级，notable“显著的，引人注目的”符合题意。故选K。【34题详解】考查名词。句意：除了对获奖者的荣誉和认可外，冠军还将获得每年递增的奖金。根据冠词the和andrecognition可知此处要用名词，glory“荣誉”符合题意。故选H。【35题详解】考查形容词。句意：温布尔登网球公开赛由五个主要项目组成，包括一些初级项目和邀请赛。根据events可知此处要用形容词，junior“初级的”符合题意。故选J。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：比赛项目大多是单人淘汰赛。根据single可知此处要用名词，elimination“淘汰”符合题意。故选C。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：在为期14天的激烈比赛中，包括王室成员在内的近50万人将参加这一盛事。根据competition可知此处要用形容词，根据“nearly500,000peoplewillattendtheevent”可知，fierce“激烈的”符合题意。故选F。【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：有些球员仍然愉快地遵守传统，即使球员不再被要求这样做。根据observe可知此处要用副词，happily“快乐地，愉快地”符合题意。故选I。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：当运动员们在比赛时，网球迷们也参加了另一项比赛传统，即食用传统的草莓和奶油。根据strawberriesandcream可知此处要用形容词，customary“通常的，习惯的”符合题意。故选A。【40题详解】考查名词。句意：随着网球世界的焦点现在都集中在温布尔登，不要错过抓住这个备受喜爱的体育赛事的机会。根据thetennisworld’s可知此处要用名词，focus“焦点”符合题意。故选G。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.IntheUnitedStates,therehavebeennodeathsfromcommercialairlineaccidentssince2013.Infact,fordecades,therehasbeenageneral___41___trendinthenumberofaccidentsperdeparture.Complexsystemsaremorelikelytosufferfromfailures,butcommercialaviation(航空)seemstobea(n)___42___.Sincethe1960s,U.S.commercialaviationhasbecomesignificantlymorecomplex,andyet,flyinghasbecomesafer.Whatliesbehindthisremarkabletrendisahandfulofsmartapproachesto___43___.Herearetwoofthem.Teachpeopletospeakup—andtolistenAcommonerrorduringairplaneaccidentsusedtobethe___44___offirstofficerstoquestionthecaptain’spoordecisions.Whenthecaptainwasflyingtheairplane,hewashardtochallenge,andhismistakeswent___45___.Allthisbegantochangeinthelate1970swithatrainingprogramknownasCrewResourceManagement(CRM).Theprogramrevolutionizedthe___46___notjustofthecockpit(机舱)but alsoofthewholeindustry.Itreframedsafetyasa___47___issueandputallcrewmembersonmoreequalfooting.Itwasnolonger___48___toquestionthedecisionsofasuperior;itwasrequired.AndCRMtaughtcrewmembersthe languageofdisagreement.Thelessonisn’tsimplythatpeoplelowerdowninthe___49___shouldspeakupandhigher-upsshouldlisten.WhatCRMhasshownisthatpeoplecanbetaughttospeakupandtolisten.Theabilitytoexpressandembrace___50___isn’thardwiredinourpersonalityorculturalbackground;it’saskillwecanlearn.LearnfromsmallfailuresandclosecallsIn1976,theUSFederalAviationAdministrationcreatedanindustry-widesystemtocollectsafetyreports.TheAviationSafetyReportingSystem(ASRS)collectsthousandsofreportseachmonth.Beyondreceivingimmunity(豁免权)foramistake,it’sapointof___51___forpilotstosubmitASRSreports.Theyknowthereportsmakeairtravelsafer.Thereportsarestoredinasearchabledatabasethatanyonecan___52___,andNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)highlightssafetytrendsinitsmonthlynewsletter, Callback.Here,too,thereisa___53___lesson.Smallmistakesandnearmissescanbearichsourceofdataaboutwhatmight___54___inoursystem.Mistakesshouldn’tbe___55___.Byopenlysharingstoriesoffailuresandnearfailures,wecantreaterrorsasanopportunitytolearn.41.A.similarB.steadyC.long-termD.downward42.A.exampleB.exceptionC.symbolD.alternative43.A.assessmentB.managementC.competitionD.contribution44.A.failureB.effortC.pressureD.convenience45.A.predictableB.imaginaryC.uncheckedD.unforgiven46.A.performanceB.structureC.cultureD.standard47.A.teamB.stateC.sideD.policy48.A.immoralB.unrewardingC.disrespectfulD. inconvenient49.A.ageB.positionC.salaryD.attractiveness50.A.excitementB.discomfortC.respectD.disagreement51.A.prideB.sacrificeC.entertainmentD.literacy52.A.createB.affordC.analyzeD.access53.A.broaderB.clearerC.morebitterD.morecostly54.A.breakoutB.gowrongC.takeshapeD.slowdown55.A.obstaclesB.failuresC.experimentsD.secrets【答案】41.D42.B43.B44.A45.C46.C47.A48.C49.B50.D51.A52.D53.A54.B55.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。在美国，自2013年以来，没有人死于商业航空事故。事实上，几十年来，事故数量总体呈下降趋势。在这一引人注目的趋势背后，隐藏着一些聪明的管理方法，文章主要介绍了其中两个航空领域的管理办法。【41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，几十年来，每次起飞的事故数量总体呈下降趋势。A.similar相似的；B.steady稳定的；C.long-term长期的；D.downward向下的、下降的。结合上文“IntheUnitedStates,therehavebeennodeathsfromcommercialairlineaccidentssince2013.”可知，在美国，自2013年以来，没有人死于商业航空事故，说明航空事故呈下降趋势。故选D。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：复杂的系统更容易出现故障，但商业航空似乎是个例外。A.example例子；B.exception例外；C.symbol标志；D.alternative选择。结合上文“IntheUnitedStates,therehavebeennodeathsfromcommercialairlineaccidentssince2013.”以及“Complexsystemsaremorelikelytosufferfromfailures,butcommercialaviationseemstobean ”可知，美国的航空自2013年以来没有人死于航空事故，说明虽然复杂的系统更容易出现故障，但商业航空似乎是个例外。故选B。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这一引人注目的趋势背后，隐藏着一些聪明的管理方法。A.assessment评价；B.management管理；C.competition竞争；D.contribution贡献。结合后文提到的“Allthisbegantochangeinthelate1970swithatrainingprogramknownasCrewResourceManagement(CRM).”可知后文主要说明的是两个航空业的管理办法。故选B。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：飞机事故中一个常见的错误是副驾驶未能对机长的错误决定提出质疑。A.failure失败；B.effort努力；C.pressure压力；D.convenience方便。结合前后文语境“Acommonerrorduringairplaneaccidentsusedtobethe…offirstofficerstoquestionthecaptain’spoordecisions.”可知，飞机事故中一个常见的错误是副驾驶未能对机长的错误决定提出质疑，bethefailureofsb.此处理解为某人未能做成某事。故选A。【45题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当机长驾驶飞机时，他很难被挑战，他的错误没有得到遏制。A.predictable可预测的；B.imaginary虚构的；C.unchecked未经检查的；D.unforgiven不可饶恕的。结合上文“Whenthecaptainwasflyingtheairplane,hewashardtochallenge,andhismistakeswent”可知，以前的机长在飞机上拥有绝对权威，因此他的错误很难得到遏制，gounchecked此处表示“放任不管”。故选C。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该项目不仅彻底改变了驾驶舱文化，也改变了整个行业的文化。A.performance表演；B.structure结构；C.culture文化；D.standard标准。结合后文“putallcrewmembersonmoreequalfooting”提到了机组人员地位更加平等，可知该项目改变了驾驶舱的文化。故选C。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它将安全重新定义为一个团队问题，并让所有机组人员处于更加平等的地位。A.team队伍；B.state州；C.side方面；D.policy政策。根据后文“putallcrewmembersonmoreequalfooting”可知该项目将安全重新定义为一个团队问题，并让所有机组人员处于更加平等的地位。故选A。【48题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：质疑上级的决定不再是不尊重，而是必需的。A.immoral不道德的；B.unrewarding无报酬的；C.disrespectful无礼的；D.inconvenient不方便的。结合后文“toquestionthedecisionsofasuperior”以及常识，质疑上级的决定是不尊重的表现。故选C。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个教训并不简单地告诉我们，职位较低的人应该大声发言，高层应该倾听。A.age年龄；B.position职位，位置；C.salary工资；D.attractiveness吸引力。结合后文“shouldspeakupandhigher-upsshouldlisten”可知此处指飞机上高低职位的人。故选B。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：表达和接受不同意见的能力并不是我们的个性或文化背景所固有的，这是一种我们可以学习的技能。A.excitement激动；B.discomfort不安；C.respect尊重；D.disagreement不同意。对应上文中“AndCRMtaughtcrewmembersthelanguageofdisagreement.”指接受不同意见。故选D。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了为错误获得豁免权，飞行员提交ASRS报告也是一件值得骄傲的事。A.pride自豪；B.sacrifice牺牲；C.entertainment娱乐；D.literacy读写能力。结合后文“Theyknowthereportsmakeairtravelsafer.”可知飞行员认为提交ASRS报告也是一件值得骄傲的事，因为这让飞行更安全。故选A。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：报告存储在一个任何人都可以访问的可搜索数据库中，美国国家航空航天局在其每月通讯《回叫》中强调了安全趋势。A.create创造；B.afford买得起；C.analyze分析；D.access访问，接近。结合上文“Thereportsarestoredinasearchabledatabasethatanyonecan”可知指任何人都可以访问数据库应用access。故选D。【53题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这里也有一个更广泛教训。A.broader更广泛的；B.clearer更清楚的；C.morebitter更苦涩的；D.morecostly更昂贵的。结合后文提到的错误不应该是秘密，而是可以把错误当作一个学习的机会，可推知这其中蕴含了一个更为广泛的经验教训。故选A。【54题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：小错误和差点失误可以成为我们系统可能出错的丰富数据来源。A.breakout爆发；B.gowrong出毛病；C.takeshape形成；D.slowdown减速。结合上文“Smallmistakesandnearmissescanbearichsourceofdataaboutwhatmight”可知小错误和差点失误可以成为我们系统可能出错的丰富数据来源。gowrong表示“出错，出毛病”符合语境。故选B。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：错误不应该是秘密。A.obstacles障碍；B.failures失败；C.experiments实验；D.secrets秘密。根据后文“Byopenlysharingstoriesoffailuresandnearfailures,wecantreaterrorsasanopportunitytolearn.”可知通过公开地分享失败和濒临失败的故事，我们可以把错误当作一个学习的机会，所以错误不应该是秘密。故选D。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Disneyland’sopeningday,July17,1955,wasaterribleexperience.Ridesbrokedown.Restaurantsranoutoffoodanddrinkanddrinkingfountainswereinshortsupply…Allinfrontofanationalaudienceof90million,thenthelargestlivebroadcastintelevisionhistoryonadaythatwouldbeknowninDisneyhistoryasBlackSunday.ButDisney’sstoryactuallystartedtwodecadesearlierwithwhatWaltDisneycalled"Daddy’sDay".OnSaturdaysinthe1930sand1940s,DisneywouldtakehistwodaughterstoridetheGriffithParkmerry-go-round,whichthey’denjoywhilehesatonabenchdreamingofwaysforfamiliestohavefuntogether.Disneydislikedtheamusementparkstheyoftenvisited,seeingthemasdirty,unimaginativeplacesrunbyrudeemployees.Hethoughthecoulddobetter.In1939heaskedtwoanimators(动画片制作者)athismoviestudiotoworkonaplanforanamusementpark.By1952theideahadexpandedintoa$1.5millionamusementparkproposalthathepresentedtoBurbank.TheCityCouncil,whichfearedsucha projectwouldcreateacarnival(嘉年华)atmosphere,rejectedtheproposal.Disneycountedtherejectionasafortunatesetback.Bynow,hisdreamforathemeparkhadgonebeyondthespaceavailableinBurbank.HesearchedlocationsthroughoutSouthernCalifornia.A160-acreorangegarden,22milessouthofLosAngeles,wassoonselected.TheABCtelevisionnetworkoffered$5millioninloansandinvestmentsifDisneyagreedtoproduceandhostaone-hourweeklyshowcalled"Disneyland".ThedealamountedtomonthsoffreeadvertisingfortheparkandallowedDisneytointroduceTVaudiences,particularlykids,tothepark.Disneylandopenedthen.The5000expectedguestsincreasedto28,154,thankstofaketickets.Afterthemadnessofopeningday,Disneyandhisnewparkwerecriticizedinthepress.Themediapredictedaquickandearlyend.Butthepublicdidn’tlisten.Visitorsarrivedinlargegroups,andwithinweeksDisneylandwasasuccess.Oversixtyyearslater,Disneyland’spopularitycontinuestogrow,withtotaloverallattendancetopping700millionandshowingnosignsofslowingdown.56.WhatmainlyledtoWaltDisney’splantobuildhisownamusementpark?A.Hisambitiontoexpandbeyondthemovieindustry.B.Hisanimators’suggestiononanentertainmentplan.C.Hiswishtocreateabetterplaceforfamilyrecreation.D.Hisdaughters’unpleasantexperienceintheGriffithPark.57.By"Disneycountedtherejectionasafortunatesetback"inparagraph3,theauthormeanstherejection_____.A.broughtgoodlucktoDisneyandhisparkB.contributedtothedifficultyofopeningtheparkC.wasviewedasafinancialobstacletothedesignoftheparkDpresentedDisneywithafavorableopportunitytorethinkhisplan58.WhatcanbelearnedaboutDisneylandfromthepassage?A.Everythingwentonsmoothlybeforeitopened.B.Itspent$5milliononadvertisingforitsopening.C.People’senthusiasmforitincreaseddespitecriticism. D.Onlyinvitedguestscouldgetintoitonitsopeningday.59.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Disneyland:HowItAllBeganB.Disneyland:AnOvernightSuccessC.Disneyland:HowItDevelopedD.Disneyland:AParkwithaLongHistory【答案】56.C57.D58.C59.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要叙述了迪士尼建造发展迪士尼公园的历程和辉煌的成功。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中句子“OnSaturdaysinthe1930sand1940s,DisneywouldtakehistwodaughterstoridetheGriffithParkmerry-go-round,whichthey’denjoywhilehesatonabenchdreamingofwaysforfamiliestohavefuntogether.Disneydislikedtheamusementparkstheyoftenvisited,seeingthemasdirty,unimaginativeplacesrunbyrudeemployees.”（20世纪30年代和40年代的周六，迪斯尼会带着他的两个女儿去格里菲斯公园(GriffithPark)玩旋转木马时，他坐在长椅上梦想着可以和家人一起开心玩的方法。但是迪士尼不喜欢他们经常去的游乐园，认为它们是由粗鲁的员工经营的肮脏、缺乏想象力的地方。）和第三段第一句“Hethoughthecoulddobetter.”（他认为他能做得更好。）可知，迪士尼带着女儿们在其他游乐园的不愉快的经历使迪士尼想出了建造公园的主意，希望能为家庭创造一个更好的娱乐场所。故选C项。【57题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第三段倒数第二句“Bynow,hisdreamforathemeparkhadgonebeyondthespaceavailableinBurbank.”（到目前为止，他对主题公园的梦想已经超出了伯班克现有的空间。）可知，在市议会拒绝了迪士尼的提议后，他并没有因此放弃，而是更大胆的想象自己的主题公园，可推测，这次拒绝给了迪斯尼一个重新考虑他的计划的好机会。故选D项。【58题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段中句子“Afterthemadnessofopeningday,Disneyandhisnewparkwerecriticizedinthepress.Butthepublicdidn’tlisten.Visitorsarrivedinlargegroups,andwithinweeksDisneylandwasasuccess.”（在疯狂的开幕日之后，迪斯尼和他的新公园受到了媒体的批评。但公众不听。大批游客蜂拥而至，迪斯尼乐园在几周内就大获成功。）可知，尽管受到了批评，人们对它的热情还是高涨了起来。故选C项。 【59题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段中句子“ButDisney’sstoryactuallystartedtwodecadesearlierwithwhatWaltDisneycalled"Daddy’sDay".”（但实际上，迪士尼的故事始于20年前沃尔特·迪士尼所谓的“爸爸节”。）和倒数第二段第一句“Disneylandopenedthen.”迪士尼开业了可知，整篇文章都在写迪士尼是如何开始并建成的故事。所以短文的最佳标题为“迪士尼乐园:一切是如何开始的”。故选A项。(B)TVVOICEPROAIR$299USDHearingSpecialistsDevelopNewUltra-Lightweight(超轻的)TVListeningEarbuds(耳塞):AtjustHalfanOunce,theyWeigh90%LessthanTraditionalTVHeadphones!HAVINGTROUBLEHEARINGTHETVCLEARLY?GetreadytoclarifyTVdialoguelikeneverbefore,withournewUltra-LightweightWirelessTVListeningTechnology.BigandheavyTVheadphonesarenowathingofthepast,thankstoHearingSpecialistswhohavedevelopednewultra-lightweightwirelessTVearbuds,whichenablethewearertohearthespeechanddialogueonanyTVshowwithclarity.Theuniquespeechclarificationaudioworksforthosewithanylevelofhearingloss,andhasbeenproventooutperformeventhemostadvanceddigitalhearingaidsforTVclarity.TVVOICEPROAUTOMATICALLYCLARIFIESTELEVISIONDIALOGUEsRevolutionaryTVspeechenhancementtechnologymadesimplesSpeechenhancementtechniquebaseduponclinicalhearingassessmentsofover1,000peoplewithvaryinglevelsofhearinglossandprovenTVlisteningdifficultysConnectstoanyTVinunder2minutesFEATURESWITHTHETVVOICEPROAIRSYSTEM ²ListenatyourownvolumewithoutalteringtheTVaudioforothersintheroom²Usesstate-of-the-artBluetoothtechnologyforuninterruptedlisteningupto35feetfromyourTV.²Simplevolumecontrollocatedontheearphones,withadditionalloudvolumerangetosuitthosewithevenseverehearingloss.²Sitback,liedown,ormovearound.Socomfortabletouse,youcanwatchTVanywayyoulike.²IsguaranteedtoworkwithanyTV,neworold.Asaspecialoffer,ReadersDigestreaderscanuseGiftVoucher(礼券)CodeREADERSDIGESTattheTVVoiceProwebsitecheckoutfor$50OFFthepurchaseprice,andfreeshippingavailableuntilDecember31,2020.Visitwww.TvVoicePro.comtoorderonlineoroverthephoneon415277-2026.30DAYMONEYBACKGUARANTEE60.TVVOICEPROAIRisaimedat_____.A.TVdesignersB.peoplewithhearingdifficultyC.hearingspecialistsD.wearersofdigitalhearingaids61.Accordingtotheadvertisement,TVVOICEPROAIRenablesthewearerto_____.A.enjoyTVevenover35feetfromhis/herhouseB.improvehis/herhearingabilityindailylifeC.listentoTVclearlyatwhatevervolumeD.watchmoreTVprograms62.WhatcanbelearnedaboutTVVOICEPROAIRfromtheadvertisement?A.Youcangetarefundwithin30daysifdissatisfiedwithit.B.Youneedtopay$50foritsshippingifyoubuyitin2021.C.YoucangetadiscountaslongasyouuseGiftVoucherCode.D.Youneedtoplaceaspecialorderforitifyouhaveseverehearingloss.【答案】60.B61.C62.A【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一款名为TVVOICEPROAIR的耳机，可以帮助有听力障碍的人听清电视节目中的讲话和对话。介绍了其产品特色和功能等情况。【60题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中“Speechenhancementtechniquebaseduponclinicalhearingassessmentsofover1,000peoplewithvaryinglevelsofhearinglossandprovenTVlisteningdifficulty(根据对超过1000名不同程度的听力损失者进行临床听力评估，并证明了电视听力的困难性，采用了语音增强技术)”以及“Simplevolumecontrollocatedontheearphones,withadditionalloudvolumerangetosuitthosewithevenseverehearingloss.(耳机里有简单的音量控制，以及额外大声的音量范围，以适应那些甚至听力严重受损的人)”可推知，TVVOICEPROAIR针对的是有听力障碍的人。故选B。【61题详解】细节理解题。根据“BigandheavyTVheadphonesarenowathingofthepast,thankstoHearingSpecialistswhohavedevelopednewultra-lightweightwirelessTVearbuds,whichenablethewearertohearthespeechanddialogueonanyTVshowwithclarity.Theuniquespeechclarificationaudioworksforthosewithanylevelofhearingloss,andhasbeenproventooutperformeventhemostadvanceddigitalhearingaidsforTVclarity.(现在又大又重的电视耳机已经成为过去，这要归功于听力专家们研发出了一种新型的超轻无线电视耳机，它能让佩戴者在任何电视节目中听到清晰的讲话和对话。独特的语音清晰度音频适用于任何程度的听力损失者，并已被证明甚至优于最先进的数字助听器的电视清晰度)”可知，广告中说，TVVOICEPROAIR能让佩戴者在任何音量下都能清晰地收听电视。故选C。【62题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“30DAYMONEYBACKGUARANTEE(30天退款保证)”可知，如果不满意TVVOICEPROAIR产品，30天内可以退款。故选A。(C)AnewstudysuggeststheAppleWatchwasabletoidentifyabnormalheartratesthatcouldbelinkedtoaseriousheartcondition.Morethan400,000AppleWatchusersvolunteeredforthestudy.ItwasaprojectofresearchersattheStanfordUniversitySchoolofMedicine.Apple,theAmericantechnologycompany,providedmoneyforthestudy.ResultswererecentlypresentedatamajorconferenceonhearthealthinNewOrleans,Louisiana.Theresearcherslookedforsignsofatrialfibrillation,alsocalled“a-fib”,themostcommonformofirregularheartbeat.Somepeoplewitha-fibfeelchangesintheirheartbeat,whileothersdo not.Becauseofthis,manypeopledonotknowtheyhavethecondition.Peoplewithuntreateda-fibareaboutfivetimesmorelikelytosufferastroke.IntheUnitedStates,a-fibcausesanestimated130,000deathsand750,000hospitalizationseachyear.PeopletakingpartinthestudyworetheAppleWatchforextendedperiods.Thedevicescontainanappthatcontinuouslygathersinformationwithoutusershavingtodoanything.Itusesthewatch’slightsensortechnologytomeasurebloodflow.Thesystemisdesignedtoidentifychangesthatmightshowanirregularheartbeat.Theresearcherssaidthatoutofthosetakingpart,about2,000subjectsreceivedawarningfromthedevicethattheymighthaveaproblem.Thoseindividualswerethenaskedtocontactadoctor,whodecidedwhethertheyshouldreceivemoreclosewatchforapossibleirregularheartbeat.LloydMinor,headofStanford’sSchoolofMedicine,saidinastatementthattheresultsshowgreatpromiseinusingtechnologytocreate“morepredictiveandpreventivehealthcare”.DoctorMinoraddedthata-fibisjustoneexampleofaconditiondevicescanhelpidentifyinthefuture.“Thisstudyopensthedoortofurtherresearchintowearabletechnologiesandhowtheymightbeusedtopreventdiseasebeforeitstrikes,”hesaid.ButsomehealthresearcherswarnedagainstmakinganygeneraljudgementsbasedontheApple-financedstudy.Theyhavecalledformuchmoreresearchtomeasuretheeffectivenessofwearabledevicestoidentifysignsofdisease.RichardKovacs,whowaswiththeAmericanCollegeofCardiologyandwasnotinvolvedwiththestudy,toldtheAssociatedPressthatdespitetheresults,theAppleWatchsystem“isnotperfect.”HenotedthatsincethestudydidnothaveacomparisongroupgettingregularECGmeasurements,thereisnowayofknowingifthedevicemissedheartbeatproblems.Thiscouldgiveusersafalsesenseofsecurity,hesaid.Otherexpertsagreedthatmorestudiesareneededbeforesimilardevice-basedhealthobservationsystemsarewidelyrecommended.63.Whatdoesthenewstudymainlyfindout?A.AppleWatchcanwarnofheartproblems.B.AppleWatchcanprotectpeopleagainsta-fib.C.Abnormalheartratescancauseastroke.D.Heartproblemscanbeidentifiedandcured.64.AppleWatchidentifiesirregularheartbeatsby_____. A.measuringthewearer’sheartratesB.sendinginformationtothewearerthroughanappC.extendingthetimeofwearingitD.monitoringthewearer’sbloodstream65.WhichofthefollowingmightbewhatLloydMinormeansinhisstatement?A.It’sdifficultfordoctorstopredictandpreventdiseasenow.B.A-fibisjustoneexampleofaconditionthatcausesheartproblems.C.Wearabletechnologiesmightidentifyandtreatanydiseaseoneday.D.Therearemorepossibilitiesofdevelopmentinwearabletechnology.66.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat_____.A.wearabletechnologiesaredevelopingfastbutshouldn’tbeappliedtomedicineB.thestudyresultsareinspiringbutmoreproofsareneededtoensuretheaccuracyC.thestudyissponsoredbyacommercialcompanysotheresultsarealittleunfairD.device-basedhealthobservationsystemsareconvenientandshouldbewidelyused【答案】63.A64.D65.D66.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，苹果手表能够识别与严重心脏疾病有关的异常心率。文章介绍了这项研究的开展过程，苹果手表能够识别不规则心跳的技术原理以及专家对此的看法。【63题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“AnewstudysuggeststheAppleWatchwasabletoidentifyabnormalheartratesthatcouldbelinkedtoaseriousheartcondition.(一项新的研究表明，苹果手表能够识别可能与严重心脏疾病有关的异常心率)”可知，这项新研究发现苹果手表可以警告心脏问题。故选A。【64题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Itusesthewatch’slightsensortechnologytomeasurebloodflow.Thesystemisdesignedtoidentifychangesthatmightshowanirregularheartbeat.(它使用手表的光传感器技术来检测血流。该系统被设计用来识别可能显示不规则心跳的变化)”可知，苹果手表通过监测佩戴者的血流来识别不规则的心跳。故选D。【65题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段“LloydMinor,headofStanford’sSchoolofMedicine,saidina statementthattheresultsshowgreatpromiseinusingtechnologytocreate“morepredictiveandpreventivehealthcare”.DoctorMinoraddedthata-fibisjustoneexampleofaconditiondevicescanhelpidentifyinthefuture.“Thisstudyopensthedoortofurtherresearchintowearabletechnologiesandhowtheymightbeusedtopreventdiseasebeforeitstrikes,”hesaid.(斯坦福大学医学院院长LloydMinor在一份声明中表示，研究结果显示，利用科技创造“更具预见性和预防性的医疗保健”具有巨大前景。迈纳博士补充说，心房纤颤只是未来设备可以帮助识别病情的一个例子。他说:“这项研究为进一步研究可穿戴技术，以及如何利用它们预防疾病打开了大门。”)”可知，LloydMinor的声明的意思是可穿戴技术发展有更多的可能性。故选D。【66题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“RichardKovacs,whowaswiththeAmericanCollegeofCardiologyandwasnotinvolvedwiththestudy,toldtheAssociatedPressthatdespitetheresults,theAppleWatchsystem“isnotperfect.”HenotedthatsincethestudydidnothaveacomparisongroupgettingregularECGmeasurements,thereisnowayofknowingifthedevicemissedheartbeatproblems.Thiscouldgiveusersafalsesenseofsecurity,hesaid.(美国心脏病学会的RichardKovacs没有参与这项研究，他告诉美联社，尽管有这些结果，苹果手表系统“并不完美”。他指出，由于该研究没有让对照组定期进行心电图测量，因此无法知道设备是否漏掉了心跳问题。他说，这可能会给用户一种虚假的安全感)”以及最后一段“Otherexpertsagreedthatmorestudiesareneededbeforesimilardevice-basedhealthobservationsystemsarewidelyrecommended.(其他专家一致认为，在广泛推荐类似的基于设备的健康观察系统之前，还需要进行更多的研究)”可推知，研究结果令人鼓舞，但需要更多的证据来确保准确性。故选B。SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.SculpturewithaLifeofItsOwnThereisanewtypeofanimalthathasbeenwalkingalongthebeachessincethe1990s.TheyarecalledStrandbeest,whichisDutchforbeachbeast._____67_____TheyarecreationsofDutchartistTheoJansen,andtheycanmovethemselvesusingnothingmorethanthepowerofthewind. Jansenhasevencreatedawayforhisbeaststo“eat”theair,andstoreitspowerbypressurizingbottles.Thisstoredpoweralsoallowsthesculpturestodetectwhentheyhaveenteredthewaterandchangetheirdirection.Hehasevendevisedamethodforthemtostopthemselvesinthesandifastormisapproaching!Thebeautyofthesecreationsisthattheyhavenoelectronicparts,yettheyhaveabasiclogicsystemthathelpsthemwalkintheirhabitat.Jansen’screationslookaliveastheymovewithasteady,evenmotiononthehardsand.Everyyear,heimproveshisdesigns.____68____Jansen’skineticsculpturesuseaninnovativedesigntotransformsimplemotionsintoamazingworksofart.TheStrandbeestshaveamechanicallinkagethatcreatesawalkingmotionusingtriangles(三角形物体).Thesculpturesarelargebuthaveadelicateappearance.Thefascinatingcombinationsofthintubesandfinefin-like(像鳍一样的)sailsmovinginthebreezecreateastrikingimage.Onecouldeasilybelievetheyaresomesortofstrangelifeformwalkingalongthebeach._____69_____Hecreatedabeast,namedAnimarisRhinocerosLignatus,whichwasmadeoutofwoodandweighed250kilograms._____70_____Therearemanyartiststhatusemotiontocreatespectacularvisualeffects.Somearelargepieces,butmanycansitonadeskorhangonawall.However,theyallhaveonethingincommon:youcan’tappreciatetheirartistryuntilyouseethemmove.Jansenalsosellsminiversionsofsomeofhisbeasts.Theycomeinboxesthatyoucanassemblewithoutanyspecialtools.You,too,cantryyourhandatcreatingkineticart!A.Butthesebeastsaremainlymadeofplastictubes.B.Jansen’sdesignsalsoworkwithheavierstructures.C.Kineticartisn’tjustaboutmakinglargesculpturesmove.D.His“Strandbeests”walkalongthecoastlineofHolland,feedingonwindandfleeingfromwater.E.Thesemovingsculpturesaren’tthatcommon,especiallysinceittakesalotoftimetoplanandbuildthem.F.Hishopeisthatonedayhewillcreategroupsofbeaststhatcan“live”onthebeachesandsurvivewithouthumaninteraction.【答案】67.A68.F69.B70.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为Strandbeest 作品，可以借助风力在海滩上移动，他们是荷兰艺术家TheoJansen的创作。文章介绍了这种作品的一些特色以及Jansen对这一作品的一些看法。【67题详解】根据上文“TheyarecalledStrandbeest,whichisDutchforbeachbeast.(它们被称为Strandbeest，在荷兰语中是海滩野兽的意思)”以及后文“TheyarecreationsofDutchartistTheoJansen,andtheycanmovethemselvesusingnothingmorethanthepowerofthewind.(它们是荷兰艺术家TheoJansen的作品，仅靠风力就能自行移动)”可知，上文提到了Strandbeest这种作品，后文则提到了它的作家等情况，可推知本句与后文并列，也是在介绍Strandbeest的信息，且A选项中beasts对应上文中beachbeast。故A选项“但是这些野兽主要是由塑料管制成的”符合语境，故选A。【68题详解】根据上文“Thebeautyofthesecreationsisthattheyhavenoelectronicparts,yettheyhaveabasiclogicsystemthathelpsthemwalkintheirhabitat.Jansen’screationslookaliveastheymovewithasteady,evenmotiononthehardsand.Everyyear,heimproveshisdesigns.(这些创造物的美妙之处在于它们没有电子部件，但它们有一个基本的逻辑系统，帮助它们在它们的栖息地行走。Jansen的作品看起来很有活力，因为它们在坚硬的沙地上以稳定、均匀的动作移动。每年，他都改进他的设计)”可知，上文提到了Jansen创作的这种作品的特色，且Jansen每年都在改进设计，可推知本句承接上文继续说明Jansen对他作品的一些看法，及期望。F选项中he指代上文Jansen。故F选项“他希望有一天他能创造出一群在海滩上‘生活’的野兽，不需要人类互动就能生存”符合语境，故选F。【69题详解】根据后文“Hecreatedabeast,namedAnimarisRhinocerosLignatus,whichwasmadeoutofwoodandweighed250kilograms.(他创造了一个名为AnimarisRhinocerosLignatus的怪兽，由木头制成，重达250公斤)”可知，后文提到Jansen用木头制作作品，可推知他的作品也适用于较重的材质。故B选项“Jansen的设计也适用于较重的结构”符合语境，故选B。【70题详解】根据后文“Therearemanyartiststhatusemotiontocreatespectacularvisualeffects.Somearelargepieces,butmanycansitonadeskorhangonawall.However,theyallhaveonethingincommon:youcan’tappreciatetheirartistryuntilyouseethemmove.Jansenalsosellsminiversionsofsomeofhisbeasts.Theycomeinboxesthatyoucanassemblewithoutanyspecialtools.You,too, cantryyourhandatcreatingkineticart!(有许多艺术家使用动作来创造壮观的视觉效果。有些是大的作品，但许多可以放在桌子上或挂在墙上。然而，他们都有一个共同点：你无法欣赏他们的艺术性，除非你看到他们移动。Jansen还出售他的一些动物的迷你版本。它们装在盒子里，不需要任何特殊工具就可以组装起来。你也可以尝试亲手创造动态艺术！)”可知，后文提到了其他艺术家创作的作品可以放在桌子上或挂在墙上，但是无法让人欣赏他们的艺术性，以及文章最后一句提到了创造动态艺术，可推知，本句作为本段主旨句，总起后文，指出动态艺术不仅仅是让大型雕塑移动，且后文中kineticart与C选项中kineticart相对应。故C选项“动态艺术不仅仅是让大型雕塑移动”符合语境，故选C。IV.SummaryWriting71.Directions: Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible. TrainYourBrainWhenwasthelasttimesomethingimportantslippedyourmind?Fortunately,memorycanbeimproved.People’sabilitytorememberhaslesstodowithnaturaltalentthanitdoeswithtrainingandpractice.Whenstudentswanttoprepareforatest,theyoftentrytostudybysimplyreadingoverthematerialagain,copyingnotes,etc.Butthesemethodsofrememberingarenotalwayseffective.Peopleremembermorewhentheyactivelyengagewiththematerialtheyarelearningratherthanpassivelyreceivingit.Onegreatwaytodothisistotestyourselfonthematerial.Comeupwithquestionsaboutthetopic,andtrytoanswerthemwithoutlookingatyournotes.Italsohelpstotrytoengagewiththematerialindifferentways.Forexample,youcouldwriteyourownoutlineorstudyguide.Themoreyouusetheinformation,themorelikelyyouaretorememberit.Mymusicinstructorsaidthatit’sbettertopracticeforfiveminutesaday,sevendaysaweek,thanfortwohoursononeday.Thesamegoesforrememberinginformation.Themoreyouspreadoutthetimeyouspendreviewinginformation,themorelikelyyouaretorememberit.Apsychologist,HermannEbbinghaus,madeanimportantdiscoveryaboutmemoryandforgetting.Hefoundthatpeopletendtoforgetinformationinaregularpattern.Theyforgetthemostinformationshortlyafterlearningit.Therateatwhichtheyforgetthenslowsdownovertime.Everytimethepersonreviewstheinformation,itcausesthemtoforgetlessofit—whichmeanstheyremembermore.Soitisessentialtoreviewthingsyouwanttoremembershortlyafterlearningthem. Overtime,youcanreviewthemlessandlessfrequently.Applyingthesestrategieswillhelpimproveyourmemorysothatyoucanaccesseverythingyoulearnwheneveryouneedit.【答案】Yourmemorycanimproveifproperlytrainedandpracticed.Firstly,insteadofreceivingwhatyoulearnpassively,useitactivelyandfrequentlyinvariousways,whichhelpsyourememberitbetter.Secondly,spendlesstimereviewingiteachtimebutmorefrequently.Lastly,reviewitsoonafterthelearning.(49words)【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，如果训练和练习得当，你的记忆力会提高。首先，不要被动地接受你所学的东西，而是积极地、频繁地以各种方式使用它，这有助于你更好地记住它。其次，每次花更少的时间复习，但要更频繁地复习。最后，在学习后很快复习。【详解】1要点摘录①Fortunately,memorycanbeimproved.People’sabilitytorememberhaslesstodowithnaturaltalentthanitdoeswithtrainingandpractice.②Peopleremembermorewhentheyactivelyengagewiththematerialtheyarelearningratherthanpassivelyreceivingit.Italsohelpstotrytoengagewiththematerialindifferentways.③Mymusicinstructorsaidthatit’sbettertopracticeforfiveminutesaday,sevendaysaweek,thanfortwohoursononeday.Themoreyouspreadoutthetimeyouspendreviewinginformation,themorelikelyyouaretorememberit.④Everytimethepersonreviewstheinformation,itcausesthemtoforgetlessofit—whichmeanstheyremembermore.2.缜密构思将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。3.遣词造句Yourmemorycanimproveifproperlytrainedandpracticed.Firstly,insteadofreceivingwhatyoulearnpassively,useitactivelyandfrequentlyinvariousways,whichhelpsyourememberitbetter.Secondly,spendlesstimereviewingiteachtimebutmorefrequently.Lastly,reviewitsoonafterthelearning. 【点睛】[高分句型1]Yourmemorycanimproveifproperlytrainedandpracticed.(运用了一个状语从句的省略对原文第一段进行了概括)[高分句型2]Firstly,insteadofreceivingwhatyoulearnpassively,useitactivelyandfrequentlyinvariousways,whichhelpsyourememberitbetter.(运用了主从复合句对原文第二段进行了概括，其中运用了what引导宾语从句和which引导非限制性定语从句)V.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.72.足不出户，你就可以在网上逛遍全球各大博物馆。(without)(汉译英)【答案】Youcanvisitallthemajormuseumsaroundtheworldonlinewithoutevenleavingyourhome.【解析】【详解】考查介词和固定搭配。分析汉语句意可知，本句需用you“你”作主语，谓语动词为canvisit“能参观”，其后接宾语allthemajormuseums“各大博物馆”，aroundtheworld全球，作状语，online网上，作地点状语，without没有，其后接动名词作宾语，leavingyourhome足不出户，动名词作介词without的宾语，even加强语气，句首单词首字母需大写。再结合其它提示。故翻译为Youcanvisitallthemajormuseumsaroundtheworldonlinewithoutevenleavingyourhome.73.多亏了社会各界人士的慷慨解囊，这个孤儿院才得以在今年年初办了起来。(found)(汉译英)【答案】Thankstothegenerousdonationmadebypeoplefromallwalksoflife,theorphanagewasfoundedearlythisyear.【解析】【详解】考查固定短语、时态语态和非谓语动词。根据句意“多亏了”可知短语为thanksto；表示“社会各界人士”短语为allwalksoflife；表示“慷慨解囊”短语为thegenerousdonation，后跟过去分词短语作后置定语；表示“孤儿院”应用单数名词orphanage作主语，表示“建立，创办”应用动词found作谓语，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，事情发生在过去，故应用一般过去时的被动语态。故翻译为Thankstothegenerousdonationmadebypeoplefromallwalksoflife,theorphanagewasfoundedearlythisyear. 74.消防队员们不仅营救了事故现场的工人，还成功阻止了有毒气体的蔓延。(Notonly)(汉译英)【答案】Notonlydidthefirefighterssavetheworkersatthesceneoftheaccident,butalsotheysuccessfullypreventedthepoisonousgasfromspreading.【解析】【详解】考查连词，倒装和时态。根据汉语提示可知，本句需用并列连词notonly…butalso…“不但......而且......”，notonly引导并列句置于句首时用部分倒装，因为表示过去发生的事情，所以此处需用助动词did，其后接主语thefirefighters“消防队员”，save“营救”，作谓语，atthesceneoftheaccident“在事故现场”，介词短语作后置定语，修饰名词workers（save的宾语）；butalso连接的并列句的主语是they，指代消防队员，谓语动词为prevented，该词相关短语prevent…fromdoingsth.“阻止......做某事......”；successfully“成功地”，副词作状语修饰动词prevented，thepoisonousgas“有毒气体”，作prevented的宾语，介词from后需接spread“蔓延”的动名词形式作宾语。再结合其他汉语提示，故答案为Notonlydidthefirefighterssavetheworkersatthesceneoftheaccident,butalsotheysuccessfullypreventedthepoisonousgasfromspreading.75.各国应基于大会上所达成的共识，加强全球合作，共同应对人类面临的挑战。(base)(汉译英)【答案】Allthecountriesshouldboostglobalcooperationtojointlyaddressthechallengesfacingmankind,basedontheagreementreachedattheconference.【解析】【详解】考查动词、名词和过去分词。表达“加强”应用动词boost；表达“全球合作”应用名词globalcooperation，做宾语；表达“共同应对人类面临的挑战”应用动词不定式，tojointlyaddressthechallengesfacingmankind，表目的；表达“基于”应用过去分词，basedon，作状语。故翻译为Allthecountriesshouldboostglobalcooperationtojointlyaddressthechallengesfacingmankind,basedontheagreementreachedattheconference。VI.GuidedWriting76.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese. 假设你是中华中学的环保社团团长王敏，为了提升学校师生的环保意识，你打算在学校运动会期间，开展一次“减塑”社团活动，倡导全校师生减少塑料污染。为此，你向校长写一封申请信，内容包括：Ø社团活动的主题、目的、时间、地点等；Ø需要学校给予的支持。注：文中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校。【答案】OnepossibleversionDearMr.Lee,IamWangmin,thepresidentoftheEnvironmentProtectionAssociation.Inordertoraisetheawarenessofprotectingtheenvironmentamongtheteachersandstudentsinourschool,ourassociationhasdecidedtoholda“LessPlastics”activityduringthesportsmeeting,soIamwritingtoapplyforthepermissionandsupportforit.Asweknow,usingplasticshasmadegreatdamagestoourenvironment,whichcontributestotheurgencyofimprovingtheawarenessofcuttingdowntheusageofplastics.The“LessPlastics”activitywillbehelpduringoursportsmeetingdaysalongtheschoolpathontheleftsideoftheschoolplaygroundfrom10a.m.to12a.m.Forthesuccessofthisactivity,weneedsomesupportsfromschool.First,wewanttohavesomeposterswrittentheinformationaboutthisactivityontheschoolwallsinthesedays.Besides,westillneed200yuanfundsbecauseweplantomakeanenvironmentprotectionprotesterandpreparesomemarkers.Iamhopingthatyoucouldconsidermyrequestforholdingtheactivityandofferustheneedysupport.Bestwishes.Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是中华中学的环保社团团长王敏，为了提升学校师生的环保意识，你打算在学校运动会期间，开展一次“减塑”社团活动，倡导全校师生减少塑料污染。要求考生根据要求，向校长写一封开展本次活动的申请信。【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：Ø社团活动的主题、目的、时间、地点等；Ø需要学校给予的支持。第二步:列提纲（重点词组）president;theEnvironmentProtectionAssociation;inorderto;raisetheawarenessof;;decide;applyfor;permission;support;Asweknow;plastics;damage;contributeto;urgency;cutdown;success;First;posters;Besides;funds;protester;prepare;consider;request;offer.第三步：连词成句1.IamWangmin,thepresidentoftheEnvironmentProtectionAssociation.2.Inordertoraisetheawarenessofprotectingtheenvironmentamongtheteachersandstudentsinourschool,ourassociationhasdecidedtoholda“LessPlastics”activityduringthesportsmeeting,soIamwritingtoapplyforthepermissionandsupportforit.3.Asweknow,usingplasticshasmadegreatdamagestoourenvironment,whichcontributestotheurgencyofimprovingtheawarenessofcuttingdowntheusageofplastics.4.The“LessPlastics”activitywillbehelpduringoursportsmeetingdaysalongtheschoolpathontheleftsideoftheschoolplaygroundfrom10a.m.to12a.m.5.Forthesuccessofthisactivity,weneedsomesupportfromschool.6.First,wewanttohavesomeposterswrittentheinformationaboutthisactivityontheschoolwallsinthesedays.7.Besides,westillneed200yuanfundsbecauseweplantomakeanenvironmentprotectionprotesterandpreparesomemarkers.8.Iamhopingthatyoucouldconsidermyrequestforholdingtheactivityandofferustheneedysupport.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表举例说明关系：First,Besides. 2.表并列补充关系：Additionally,moreover.(供参考)3.表转折对比关系：However,Onthecontrary,but.(供参考)4.表因果关系：Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,Asaresult(供参考)连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】[高分句型1]Inordertoraisetheawarenessofprotectingtheenvironmentamongtheteachersandstudentsinourschool,ourassociationhasdecidedtoholda“LessPlastics”activityduringthesportsmeeting,soIamwritingtoapplyforthepermissionandsupportforit.(使用so引导结果状语从句。)[高分句型2]Asweknow,usingplasticshasmadegreatdamagestoourenvironment,whichcontributestotheurgencyofimprovingtheawarenessofcuttingdowntheusageofplastics..(使用which引导定语从句。)[高分句型3]Besides,westillneed200yuanfundsbecauseweplantomakeanenvironmentprotectionprotesterandpreparesomemarkers.(使用because引导原因状语从句。)