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1、TallBuildingTalltowersandbuildingshavefascinatedmankindfromthebeginningofcivilization,theirconstructionbeinginitiallyfordefenseandsubsequentlyforecclesiasticalpurposes.Thegrowthinmoderntallbuildingconstruction,however,whichbeganinthe1880s,hasbeenlargelyforcommer
2、cialandresidentialpurposes.Tallcommercialbuildingsareprimarilyaresponsetothedemandbybusinessactivities10areasclosetoeachother,andtothecitycenteraspossible,therebyputtingintensepres-sureontheavailablelandspace.Also,becausetheyformdistinctivelandmarks,tallcommer-c
3、ialbuildingsarefrequentlydevelopedincitycentersasprestigesymbolsforcorporateorganizations.Further,thebusinessandtouristcommunitywithitsincreasingmobility,hasfueledaneedformore,frequentlyhigh-rise,citycenterhotelaccommodations.Therapidgrowthofurbanpopulationandth
4、eattendantproblemsoflimitedspacetoalargeextentcausedbytheimpactofthepressureofurbanresidentialdevelopment.Highlandcosts,unlimitedoutwardexpansionofurbanareastoavoidthedesireandtheprotectionofimportantagriculturalproduction,allthesefactorshavepromptedthedevelopme
5、ntofresidentialbuildingstohigh-level.Insomecities,suchasHongKongandRiodeJaneiro,duetoterrainconstraints,high-risebuildingstomeetthedomesticdemandtobecometheonlyviablesolution.
High-risebuildingistomeettheresidence,businessor,insomecasestheneedsofcommercialandres
6、identialdesign.Therefore,themajordesignrequirementsforbuildingstoprovidesuitableindoorlayout.Atthesametime,customersoutsideofthebuildingisalsothearchitectoftheaestheticrequirementsofthebasicfunctions.Themaindesigncriteriaisthebuildingstandards,engineersinthescop
7、eofthesestandardstobearrangedwithinthestructure.Onlyinexceptionalhigh-risebuildings,thestructurewillneedtobecomeamajorconsideration.
Thebasiclayoutwillbeincludedinthestructureofnetwork,thestructureofnetworkfunctionalrequirementsofbuildingsshouldbeassmallaspossib
8、lebarriers.Atthesametime,buildingstructuremustbeconsistentwiththecombinationoftheservicesystem,suchasheating,ventilationandairconditioning,watersupply,wastedisposal,e
