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1、分项语法之七：补足语ThedefinitionofthecomplementThetypesofthecomplementSomesupplements英语补语的作用对象是主语和宾语,具有鲜明的定语性描写或限制性功能,在句法上是不可或缺的。补语是起补充说明作用的成份。最常见的是宾语补足语，除此之外还有主语补足语。.Loveisadrug..Thisisherpen..Heisthefatherofthree..Thatgirlwasme.Nounphraseorpronounasthesubjectcomplement:Adjectivephraseasthesub
2、jectcomplement:Theweatherishot.Thelittlecottagewasniceandcosy.Theargumentbecamemoreheated.Adverbphraseasthesubjectcomplement:I’llseeifheisaround.Ihavebeenoutforawalk.Ifeeldowntoday.Prepositionalphraseasthesubjectcomplement:Thebusstopisjustacrosstheroad.Helookedinsplendidhealth.Ithasgro
3、wnoutofdate.Non-finiteclauseandFiniteclauseasthesubjectcomplement:Hisplanistokeepthesecret.HisoccupationwasteachingEnglish.AfteratimeIgrewdissatisfiedwiththework.Thequestionishowwecansurvivethecrisis.ThatwhatIwanttodo.主语补足语形式种种1.动词elect,call,name,make,find,leave等后面常接名词用作主语补足语.E.g.①Thed
4、ogiscalledKarl.②Hewasfoundtherightmanforthejob.2.动词keep,make,paint,cut,burn,beat,wash,find,consider,wipe等后面常接形容词用作主语补足语。E.g.①Thedoorwaspaintedwhite.②Theoldmanwasfoundweak.③Theclassroomisalwayskeptcleaneveryday.3.动词see,watch,hear,feel,listento,lookat,imagine等后面接分词用作主语补足语。E.g.①Heisoftenh
5、eardreadingEnglish.②Theprofessorwasseenmakinganexperimentinthechemistrylab.4.感官动词see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make等后面接带to的不定式用作主语补足语。E.g.①Hewasseentocomeupstairs.②Iceisknowntobeinasolidstate.5.as后面接名词、形容词、分词等用作主语补足语。E.g.①Englishistakenasausefulmeansforresearchwork.②Thenewsisconsideredast
6、rue.③Thevaseisthoughtasbroken.6.由what引导的名词性从句用作主语补足语。E.g.Theboyhasbeenmadewhatheis.TheobjectcomplementDefinition:在英语中有些及物动词，接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要有1个其他的句子成分，来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，称为宾语补足语，简称宾补。TheformchoicesoftheobjectcomplementItincludesadjectivephrase,nounphrase,prepositionalphrase,adverbphrase,non-
7、finiteclauseetc.能够充当宾补的有：形容词，名词，介词，副词短语，非谓语动词等。1.IfindlearningEnglishdifficult.(difficult是形容词做宾补）2.WeelectedJohnourmonitor.(monitor是名词做宾补）3.Ifoundherinbetterspiritswhenwemetagain.(inbetterspirits是介词短语做宾补）4.Isawthekiteupanddown.（upanddown是副词做宾补）5.①Tommadethegirlcry.(cry是省略不定式符号to的动词不定
