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ID:62110327
大小:4.37 MB
页数:76页
时间:2021-04-17
《最新外界物体刺激是否可以在脑的不同结构上找到具有空间对ppt课件.ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、外界物体刺激是否可以在脑的不同结构上找到具有空间对VisualprocessingstreamsThequestion:Howareobjectsrepresentedinthevisualsystem?Striatecortex:simplefeaturedetectionExtrastriatecortex?Figure4.1PointsA,B,andConthecupcreateimagesatA,B,andContheretinaandcauseactivationatpointsA,B,andCo
2、nthelateralgeniculatenucleus(LGN).ThecorrespondencebetweentwopointsontheLGNandretinaindicatesthatthereisaretinotopicmapontheLGN.外界物體刺激是否可以在腦的不同結構上找到具有空間對應性的激發區域?Fig4.4Fig4.5物體在手中物體放在手中操弄操弄物體人類視皮質放大因子有個別差異對於細節的區辨能力除與眼球特性有關外,也與腦中地圖有關Figure4.7(a)Purpleandteal
3、areasshowtheextentofstimulithatwerepresentedwhileapersonwasinanfMRIscanner.(b)Purpleandtealindicatesareasofthebrainactivatedbythestimulationin(a).(FromDoughertyR.F.etal.,(2003).VisualfieldrepresentationsandlocationofvisualareasV1/2/3inhumanvisualcortex.Jou
4、rnalofVision,3,586-598.)訊息循解剖結構而傳遞LGN總會三明治兩眼輸入是分流的contralateralfibersfromganglioncellslayer1,4,6ipsilateralfibersfromganglioncellslayer2,3,5每眼均將訊息送去同側與異側LGN,但仍保持分流的結構各層神經元的接受域垂直對應排列皮質的柱狀(column)結構LocationcolumnsOrientationcolumnsOculardominancecolumns雖然視
5、皮質神經元大多對於左眼與右眼刺激都作反應,但會對其中某一眼刺激的反應較好—oculardominanceFigure4.9Whenanelectrodepenetratesthecortexperpendicularly,thereceptivefieldsoftheneuronsencounteredalongthistrackoverlap.Thereceptivefieldrecordedateachnumberedpositionalongtheelectrodetrackisindicatedby
6、acorrespondinglynumberedsquare.Figure4.10AllofthecorticalneuronsencounteredalongtrackArespondbesttohorizontalbars(indicatedbythered]linescuttingacrosstheelectrodetrack.)AlloftheneuronsalongtrackBrespondbesttobarsorientedat45degrees.皮質對於物體的表徵(representation
7、)表層RetinotopicmapCorticalmagnification表層之下偏好方位的orientationcolumns受激發,激發的數量與物體大小有關訊息流的路徑—是什麼?在哪裡?如何作?Twoparallelstreamsinextrastriatecortex(Ungerleider&Mishkin,1982)運用切除(ablation)法測量知覺—切除(破壞,冷凍)腦區域—訓練動物,再測量知覺物體區辨與地標區辨作業切除部分頂葉(parietallobe)與側葉(temporallobe)結
8、果頂葉切除猴子對於地標區辨產生困難,側葉切除猴子對於物體區辨產生困難根據這些證據找出what(ventral)andwhere(dorsal)pathwayFigure4.12ThetwotypesofdiscriminationtasksusedbyUngerleiderandMishkin.(a)Objectdiscrimination:Pickthecorrectshape.Lesioningthetemp
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