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1、TimeofFlightICP-MSManySequentialBarriersDisappear,SomePrinciplesofOperationSpectrometerComponenetsSampleIntroductionSystemSampleCellOpticalBenchDetectorRecorderorComputerTheICP-MSSpectrometerICP:SourceofIonsAtmosphericArgonbasedplasmaOperatedfrom2,500to8000Kelvintoproduc
2、eionsRequiresinterfacetovacuumbenchMassSpectrometer:MassFilterorMassAnalyzerQuadrupoleHighResolutionDoubleFocusingIonTrapTime-of-FlightRadialEmissionMedEnergyRequired(NAZ)MnCompromiseHighEnergyRequiredShortWavelengthsAs,SeLowEnergyRequiredLongWavelengthsK,Cs,La,Li,Na,SrT
3、hePlasmaofICPAESorMSFrequency27Mhz40MhzMatchingNetworkCrystalControlledFreeRunningSolidStateMini-TorchorStandardICP-MSOnlySecondaryorPinchDischargeCenterTappedInterlacedCoilsTorchShieldsX,Y,ZControlICP-MSComponents:InterfaceIonsmustproceedfromatmosphericpressuretoanareao
4、freducedpressurerequiredforMSPlasma1ststage2ndstageAnalyzerstageAtmosphericPressure~1torr10-4torr2x10-6torrMechanicalPump(Interface)TurboPumpTurboPumpMechanicalPump(Backing)TheICP-MSInterfaceSamplerConeSkimmerConeBarrelShockMachDiskSupersonicJetZoneofSilenceTorch&ICPSamp
5、leIonlensesandMassAnalyzerTheICP-MSInterfaceTorch&ICPSampleSamplerConeSkimmerConeSecondaryDischargeOxides,Polyatomics,secondaryexcitationVelocityConsideration4eV,100amuion1964m/s14eV,100amuion3674m/sAfactorof2reductioninionsinextractionvolumeIonEnergiesforShieldedLoadCoi
6、lDetectionLimits(10s,3s)Shieldedvs.Top-groundedICPSampleIntroductionSystemsSolutionNebulizersConcentricHighEfficiencyC.V-grooveModifiedLiechteCrossFlowBurgenerSprayChambersScott’sCyclonic’sInertorglassUltrasonicNebulizerMembraneDesolvatorDirectInjectionNebulizerArc-Spar
7、kETVLaserDirectInsertionNebulizerHydrideGeneratorDiscreteSamplingICP-AESandICP-MSInductivelyCoupledPlasmaSimultaneousSequentialPMTCIDCCDPMTPMT’sMagneticSectorQuadrupoleICP-AESICP-MSICP-AESICP-MSMagneticSectorTimeofFlightIonTrapTheTwoMajorApproachestoICP-MSSpectrometrySeq
8、uential:MassFiltersorSimultaneous:MassAnalyzerQuadrupoleICP-MSASequentialMassFilterAllm/zValuesInOnem/