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1、5.杜甫诗三首课前导入课前达标音形辨识名句背诵知人论世归纳主旨结构板书问题探究备考指南指人或事物的名称的词.第一讲:名词Noun—n.名词专有名词:特定的人,地点等.(首字母大写)例:NewYork,YaoMing普通名词可数名词不可数名词能够以数计算的事物的名词不能以数计算的事物的名词单数名词复数名词?例:液体,气体等。milk,water,air…例:pen,student,flowers…普通名词:指一般的人,事物或抽象名词等.例:apple,pen,doctor,love金木水火土,肉面食茶布可数名词的
2、单数变复数(规则变化)1.直接在名词后加~s例:cake---cakes,leg---legs2.在以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词后加~es例:dress-dresses,dish-dishes,watch-watches,box---boxes3.以o结尾的名词,一般加~s,但negro,hero,tomato,potato之后加~es顺口溜:黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆。可数名词的单数变复数(规则变化)4.以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,把y改为i再加~es:例:city---cities,family---fami
3、lies5.以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v再加~es例:leaf-leaves,knife-knives,wife-wives但是下列单词直接加s,chief(首领),roof(屋顶),gulf(海湾)顺口溜:首领在屋顶看海湾。巧记以f或fe结尾的名称树叶半数自己黄妻子拿刀去割粮架后窜出一只狼就像盗贼逃命亡leafhalfselfwifeknifeshelfwolfthieflife名词单数变复数的发音规则写出下列各词的复数形式:1.tomato2.city3.boy4.radio5.self6.fly7
4、.photo8.house9.box10.wife11.Sunday12.class13.zoo14.exam15.beach16.wish17.glass18.leaf19.student20.baby21.potato1.单复数同形的名词:中国人,日本人都非常喜欢绵羊,鱼和鹿.ChineseJapanesesheepfishdeer可数名词的单数变复数(不规则变化)2.单复数不同形(特殊名词的变化):1)改变中间元音foot—feettooth—teethgoose—geeseman—menwoman—wo
5、menmouse-mice2)词尾加-en或-renchild—childrenox—oxen3)mouse—mice老鼠总结:男人,女人a变e,小孩后加ren,公牛后加en,老鼠mouse变mice,鹅的牙和脚oo变ee,可数名词的单数变复数(不规则变化)写出下列各词的复数形式:tomato,city,boy,radio,leaf,fly,photo,mouse,box,wife,Sunday,class,Chinese,zoo,exam,German,sheep,fish,beach,wish,glass,
6、leaf,student,deer,baby,potato句子单数变复数:1.Be动词的改变:am/is---are2.代词的变化:I—wehe/she/it—theyme—ushim/her/it—themmy—ourhis/her/its—theirthis—thesethat–those3.去掉a或an4.名词单数变成复数Exercises用所给名词的适当形式填空:1.Arethereany(peach)onthetable?2.Theyaresomeyoung(woman).3.The(children
7、)isplayinginthegarden.4.Some(goose)areswimmingintheriver.5.Wouldyoulikesome(fish)?6.Howmany(radio)canyouseeonthebookcase?7.Arethereany(boy)inthelibrary?8.Onepolicemancaughtthree(thief)yesterday.Exercises请用is/are填空.1.Theresomewaterinthebottle.2.Thereanorangeo
8、nthetable.3.Theremanyfishinthepool.4.Theresomeleavesontheground.名词中表示所有关系的形式名词所有格所有格的构成方式1.由名词加’s构成,通常用来表示有生命的东西2.由of加名词构成,通常用来表示没有生命的东西Ⅰ.’s所有格1.名词的单数所有格是直接在名词后面加’s,读法和名词复数发音规则一样。如:Mary’sletter,