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1、邱正正托福听力真题20篇1．2000.01：39－42文科段子：艺术类音乐Itmayseemstrangethatwe’rediscussingmusicfromaBroadwayproductioninthisclass,“TheLionKing”especially,sinceit’sbasedonapopularHollywoodmovie.ImeanmusicperformedforBroadwaytheaterintheheartofNewYorkcitysurelywouldseemtobeinthewes
2、terntraditionofpopularmusicandnothavemuchincommonwiththemusicwehavebeenstudyinginthiscourse,suchasgamelanmusicofIndonesia,orZuluchantsofSouthAfrica,musicthatdevelopedoutsidethewesterntraditionofEuropeandAmerica.Butinfact,musicianshavealong-standingtraditionofbor
3、rowingfromoneanother’scultures.Andthisproduction’sdirectorintentionallyincludedbothwesternandnon-westernmusic.Thatway,someoftherhythms,instruments,harmoniestypicalofnon-westernmusiccontrastwithandcomplementpopularmusicmorefamiliartoaudiencesinNorthAmericaandEuro
4、pe,musiclikerock,jazzorBroadwaystyleshowtunes.SoIwanttospendtherestofthisclassandmostofthenextoneonthemusicfromtheshow“TheLionKing”asawayofsummarizingsomeofthetechnicaldistinctionsbetweentypicalwesternmusicandthenon-westernmusicthatwe’vebeenstudying.NowtheAfrica
5、ninfluenceonthemusicisclear,thestorytakesplaceinAfrica.SothedirectorgotaSouthAfricancomposertowritesongswithadistinctlyAfricansound.AndthesongsevenincludewordsfromAfricanlanguages.Butwe’llgetbacktotheAfricaninfluencelater.Firstlet’sturntothemusicthatwaswrittenfo
6、rtheshadowpuppetscenesin“TheLionKing”,musicbasedontheIndonesianmusicusedintheshadowpuppettheaterofthatregion.2.2000.01：43－46理科段子：天文学Inancienttimes,manypeoplebelievedtheearthwasaflatdisc.Wellover2,000yearsago,theancientGreekphilosopherswereabletoputforwardtwogood
7、argumentsprovingthatitwasnot.Directobservationsofheavenlybodieswerethebasisofboththesearguments.First,theGreeksknewthatduringeclipsesofthemoon,theearthwasbetweenthesunandthemoon,andtheysawthatduringtheseeclipses,theearth’sshadowonthemoonwasalwaysround,theyrealiz
8、edthatthiscouldbetrueonlyiftheearthwasspherical.Iftheearthwereaflatdisc,thenitsshadowduringeclipseswouldnotbeaperfectcircle,itwouldbestretchedoutintoalongellipse.Thes
