基本句型常识.doc

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1、基本句型及作文一、简单句的原则：注：句首要大写，句尾以“句号(.)、问号或感叹号”结束。英语中无顿号(、)，无书名号(《》)。一主一谓、主谓一致、时态一致、大小写及标点符号练习：找出下列句子错误。并能说出是什么类型的错误。无Therehave句型1.IhaveapenfriendlivesinFlorida.2.BettyandMaryoftensingsdancetogether.3.Hegetsupat6:30,havebreakfastat7:00,andwenttoworkat8:00.4.Ilikesinging,helikesdancing。二、句子的基本

2、成分句子的基本成分有：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语、同位语、独立成分。几个基本成分的顺序：主语在谓语前（有些疑问句，倒装句除外）；宾语位于谓语动词或介词之后；表语在系动词后；宾语补足语在宾语后1、形容词常作“表语、定语、补语”，副词常作“状语”。少数表示时间、地点、方位的词可作表语、补语；作定语必须后置，如：thepeoplethere；改错：Hesingsgood.Thefoodtasteswell.Wefindthequestiondifficultly.Itisaneasilyquestion.2、不能用动词原形、分词、介词短语、状语从句作主语。3、

3、只有动词可以作谓语，切忌用非谓语动词（不定式、分词、动名词）或介词及其短语作谓语；4、单数可数名词前要有限定词，如冠词。三、五种基本句型结构和Therebe句型：1、主—系—表Heisastudent.Theleavesturnyellowinautumn.2、主—不及物动词（Vi）Weworkhard.Theoldmandiedyesterday.Everyonelaughed.3、主—及物动词(Vt)—宾Iwantaticket.Maryenjoyslisteningtomusic.4、主—及物动词(Vt)—间接宾语—直接宾语（双宾结构）ProfessorLiwi

4、llgiveusalecture.5、主—及物动词(Vt)—宾—宾补（复合宾语结构）WecallhimMr.Li.Isawyourbookonthedesk.Ithinkthisquestioneasy.Hetoldmetodoit.Imadehimbelievethatitwastrue.Isawhimplayingneartheriver.Wefoundtheriverbadlypolluted.6、Therebe+主语（存在句型的一种）Therearetwodifferentopinionsaboutit.Thereisanotherreasonforit.Th

5、ereisnothingIwanttosayanymore.练习：错句修改。1.Therehavemanywaterinriver.2.Thereisonlythreepersoncouldunderstandhisideathen.3.BetweenTomandMaryhavemanydifferences.4.Fromtherecanseethesea.5.Youwillbehavemanyfun.6.WatchTVandreadnewspaperareverydifference.7.Weplayingtheguitargettogether.8.Wecankn

6、owmanyinformationsfromTV.9.Nowaterwecannotlife.10Iwastalkaboutfilm.11.Weweresingmanymusic.12.HecallmeaskwouldIgotoswimmingwithhe.13.Theythinkhaveagoodrest.14.Somestudentsthinkthathaveclassesonweekendsisnecessary.15.Ifwehasagoodrestsothattheycanstudyingwell.16.theydon'twanttostudylesson,

7、theythinkiftheyhaveagoodrests,andtheywillbesuccessed.17.Theysaidthatifwewanthaveagoodstudymusthaveagoodrest.18.Ihopetheschoolcanbeagreedmyview.19.Iliveinvillage.Therearealotoftreearoundit.20.Studentsworkingtoearnmoneyfortheirownuse.21.Yourhomeworkappearedamistake.Keys:一、1.Ihave