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1、一．Therebe句型Thereisapenandsomebooksonherdesk.主谓一致就近原则ThereseemstobeTherehappenstobeThereusedtobe等Thereusedtobeatemple.二．基本时态时态基本结构时间状语有一般现在时1.am/is/are2.do/doesoften，usually，always，sometimes，everyday(week,month),nowandthen现在进行时:反复出现或习惯性的动作，含有赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等情绪，常与always,continually,constantly等连用am/is/are
2、doingnow,atthistime,atpresenttime,atthismoment现在完成进行时:一个动作开始于过去，并持续到现在，强调现在还在进行has/havebeendoing现在完成时:过去发生的动作或事情对现在的影响have/hasdonesofar,uptonow,already,yet,just,before,recently,inthepastfewyears,since引导的状语从句的主句一般过去时1.was/were2.didago,yesterday,lastweek(month,year),justnow,in2000过去进行时：过去某一时刻正在进行的
3、动作或过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作was/weredoingatthistimeyesterday,由when或while引导的时间状语从句中过去将来时woulddothenextday,thefollowingmonth过去完成时:过去的过去haddone一般将来时1.begoingtodo2.willdotomorrow,tomorrowmorning,thedayaftertomorrow,nextweek,inafewdays将来完成时willhavedonebytheendoflastmonth,bythetime将来进行时willbedoingShesaidthatshe
4、hadeverbeentoParis.她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。（一般过去时）Themachinewasbeingrepairedatthistimeyesterday.昨天这时机器正在被修。（过去进行时被动）Thebookhasbeenreadmanytimesbyme.这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。（现在进行时被动）Iwasstudyingatprimaryschoolinthoseyears.那些年我在小学读书。（过去进行时）Ithasbeenrainingsincelastnight.(现在完成进行时)Ihavebeenpaintingthelivingroomallday.(现在完
5、成进行时)现在进行时(1)表示现在正在进行的动作。(2)表示反复出现或习惯性的动作，往往含有赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等情绪，常与always,continually,constantly等连用。Heisalwayschanginghismind.Heisalwayshelpingothers.Heisconstantlytalkingloudly.他总是大声讲话。(3)表示位置移动的词用现在进行时表将来。begin,go,leave,start,arrive,seesboff,return,stay,take等。TheyareleavingforParisthisafternoon.他们今天下
6、午动身去巴黎。被动语态1)am/is/are+done一般现在时2）has/havebeendone现在完成时3）am/is/arebeingdone现在进行时4）was/weredone一般过去时5）hadbeendone过去完成时6）was/werebeingdone过去进行时7）willbedonebegoingtobedone一般将来时8）wouldbedonewas/weregoingtobedone过去将来时9）willhavebeendone将来完成时10)情态动词的被动结构情态动词＋be＋过去分词三．非谓语的初步认识不定式：todo→tobedonetobedoingt
7、ohavedone→tohavebeendone-ing：doing→beingdoneHavingdone→havingbeendone过去分词：doneItisimportanttoprotecttheenvironment.Iexpectyoutowritetome.Myhopeistobecomeanartist.IknowaboycalledTom.Canyouhearsomeonesingingoutside?
