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1、现在完成时中非延续性动词的转换 现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作或存在的状态,一直持续到现在,并可以和以for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用,也可以用在以“howlong”提问的句子中,句子中的谓语动词一般为延续性动词。但是,有些动词所表示的动作是短暂的,这类动词叫做非延续性动词。如:come,go,reach,arrive,leave,borrow,buy,join,die,begin,start,finish等。在现在完成时的句子中,非延续性动词作谓语动词时,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。 表示动作的连续性,就要把非延续性动词转换成相应的延续性动词或短语,
2、具体转换如下: come/go/reach/arrive→bein/at,leave→beaway,borrow→keep,buy→have,join→bein/beamemberof,die→bedead,start/begin→beon,finish/end→beover,open→beopen(adj.),close→beclosed(adj.),marry→bemarriedcometo/gobackto/returnto→bebacktogoout→beout,become→be,getup→beup;die→bedead;fallasleep/gettotslee
3、p→beasleep;lose→nothave;puton→wear,catch/getacold→haveacold;gettoknow→know,have/hasgoneto→havebeenin注意: 1.非延续性动词可以在现在完成时的否定句中作谓语,并可以与for,since引导的时间状语连用,表示动作的延续过程。例如: Shehasn’tboughtanynewclothessincelastyear. 2.在现在完成时的肯定句中,非延续性动词作谓语时不能与for,since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用,但可以用其他句式来表示同一个意思。例如: Hehasbe
4、enawayfromBeijingfortwoyears. =HeleftBeijingtwoyearsago. =ItistwoyearssinceheleftBeijing. =TwoyearshaspassedsinceheleftBeijing. 1.A.Theycametoourschoolin1980.B.They____________ourschoolsince1980. 2.A.Themandiedfiveyearsago.B.Theman____________forfiveyears. 3.A.Themeetingbegantwominutes
5、ago.B.Themeeting____________fortwominutes. 4.A.Weborrowedtwobookslastweek.B.We________thetwobooksforaweek. 5.A.Whendidthetrainarrivehere?B.Howlong____thetrain____here?一、选择填空:( )1.They______inBeijingwhenthey_____married. A.live,get B.lived,havegot C.lived,got D.havelived,got( )2.Now
6、,thissmallvillage_______abigmoderncity. A.isturninginto B.turnsinto C.hasturnedinto D.turnedinto( )3.Afterrestingforalongtime,MrGreenlooks_____thanbeforeheleftthehospital. A.unhealthier B.healthier C.morehealthily D.health( )4.Thedoctorlookedhimoverandsaidtherewas_____withhe
7、r. A.nothingwrongmuch B.muchwrongnothingC.muchnothingwrong D.nothingmuchwrong( )5.Sorry,Ihaven’tfinishedthework_____. A.already B.before C.yet D.ever( )6.Myson_____upyetbecausehe_____tobedverylatelastnight.A.hasn’tgot,hasgone B.didn’tget