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1、护理英语营养护理NutritionalCareandDietforthepatientIINutritionalCareandDietforthePatientInahospitaldietforthepatientisdifferentfromoneforthenormalperson.Thephysicianorderstheappropriatedietforeachpatient,justasheordersmedicationsandothertherapy.Todifferentdiseasesanddifferentpatients,thenormaldietmaybe
2、modifiedfor:(1)consistencyandtexture;(2)flavor;(3)energyvalue;(4)nutrientlevelssuchasfat,protein,carbohydrate,sodium,andothers;(5)foodcategories.NutritionalCareandDietforthePatientEachdietprescriptionistheresultofanevaluationofthepatient'ssymptoms,laboratorytestsandhisnutritionalneeds.Forexampl
3、e,arteriosclerosisisacomplexdiseaseinvolvingtheaccumulationofcholesterolandotherlipidmaterialinthearterialwalls.Beneficialdietarychangesinclude:cuttingdownoncholesterolrichfoodsandreducingthetotalfatcontentinthedietbysubstitutingpolyunsaturatedfatsforsaturatedfat.NutritionalCareandDietforthePat
4、ientInsomeinstancesprioritymustbegiventooneaspectofdiet,whiletheotherrequirementsaredeferredforalatertime,forexample,averylow-residuedietislackinginsomevitamins,butsuchadietmightbeessentialforanacutegastrointetinaldisorderorpriortosurgery.NutritionalCareandDietforthePatientInaddition,thefoodacc
5、eptationforthepatientisaffectedbymanyfactors:theyarephysiologic,cultural,economic,andemotional.Illnessitselfoftenreducesinterestinfoodbecauseofanorexia,gastrointestinaldistention,ordiscomfortfollowingmeals.Inactivityandsomedrugsalsoreducethedesireforfood.Thepatientinahospitalhastoundergotreatme
6、ntsandchanges.NutritionalCareandDietforthePatientSometimesitisnecessarytotaketherapeuticmeasuresthatmaydistressratherthanprovideimmediatecomfort.Thepatientfindsthatthefoodpatterninthehospitalandthetimeformealsdiffer,moreorless,fromhisusualpattern.Hefindsitdifficulttomanageatrayinbed.Heworriesab
7、outmouthinghospitalbills,aboutreturntoworkorabouttheextentofhisreturntofullhealth.Somemodifieddietsmakehimfeelthatheisdeprivedandpunished.NutritionalCareandDietforthePatientItisveryimportanttoprovideacorrect,nutritious,attractive,
