GB 4792-1984 放射卫生防护基本标准

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1、放射卫生防护基本标准GB4792-1984目录1引言、·‘··、、、、、···、·····、·······、·····、·....、··.····················⋯⋯，·······················⋯⋯1392放射工作人员的剂量限值············································，······················⋯⋯1393公众中个人的剂量限值·，·······································.....··.....···...·····.··，·⋯⋯，·1

2、414铀矿及其他矿井下作业人员吸人氛氢及其子体的限值·······························、⋯⋯1415事故和应急照射································，··············································，··⋯1426放射性物质污染表面的导出限值·················.······..···············，···············⋯⋯1427医用照射的防护···············································

3、········。······················】··⋯⋯1438教学中接触电离辐射时的剂量限值············，···········································⋯⋯1439放射工作场所的划分·······································································，··⋯⋯14310开放型放射工作单位的分类及其工作场所的分级············，·······，··················⋯⋯14411开放型放射工作单位的卫生防护要

4、求·······，···························，·················⋯⋯145附录A品质因数···················································································⋯⋯145附录B放射性核素的年摄人量限值以及空气和食人的导出浓度························⋯⋯146附录C放射性核素的毒性分组·························，·····································.，一

5、‘212附录D放射工作人员的医学检查····，·························、······························⋯⋯216附录E电离辐射监测·············································································一217附录F所用术语的定义和解释·········，··············································。·········⋯⋯217中华人民共和国国家标准I几X一614.898.5放射卫生防护基

6、本标准CB4792-1984Basichealthstandardsforradiologicalprotection引言1.1本标准的宗旨是:保障放射工作人员、公众及其后代的健康与安全，并提高放射防护措施的效益;在此基础上促进我国放射工作的发展。1.2从上述宗旨出发，必须对电离辐射源的使用给予必要的控制，从而防止发生对健康有害的非随机性效应(接受放射治疗的患者除外)，并将随机性损害效应的发生率降低到被认为可以接受的水平。1.3本标准适用范围。1.3.1使用电离辐射源或产生电离辐射的一切实践活动。1.3.2对放射工作人员和公众接受电离辐射照射需加控制的一切实践活动。1.4

7、在1.3条所列范围内进行与防护有关的设计、监督、管理时，必须遵守以下基本原则。1.4.1实践的正当化:产生电离辐射的任何实践要经过论证，或确认该项实践是值得进行的，其所致的电离辐射危害同社会和个人从中获得的利益相比是可以接受的，如果拟议中的实践不能带来超过代价(包括健康损害代价和防护费用的代价)的净利益，就不应当采用该项实践。1.4.2放射防护最优化:应当避免一切不必要的照射;以放射防护最优化为原则，用最小的代价，获得最大的净利益，从而使一切必要的照射保持在可以合理达到的最低水平。1.4.3个人剂量的限制:个人所受照射的剂量当