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1、精品好文档,推荐学习交流常用虚拟语气句型1.if条件句条件状语从句可分为真实条件句,即条件满足,事实就发生的情况;和非真实条件句,即与事实相反或难以实现的假设情况。虚拟语气的基本句型,即是这种非真实条件状语从句。其具体形式如表中所示:条件从句谓语主句谓语与现在事实相反动词过去式(动词be用were)would/should+动词原形与过去时间相反had+过去分词would/should+have+过去分词动词过去式(动词be用were)将来不大可能发生的事或should+动词原形would/shoul
2、d+动词原形或were+动词不定式IfIknewEnglish,Iwouldgoabroadtofurthermystudy.IfIhadgotupearly,Iwouldn’thavebeenlate.IfIweretodoit,Ishoulddoitatonce.【说明】①在非正式英语中,条件从句中的第一、第三人称单数主语后可用was代替were。IfIwasyou,Iwouldaccepttheinvitation.②主句中的would可用于各种人称,而should只用于第一人称。③在主句中也可
3、用情态动词could,might代替would,should。IfIhadhadenoughtime,Imighthavedoneitbetter.④条件从句中的谓语动词含有were,had,should时,可以省略从属连接词if,然后采用倒装结构,把were,had,should移到主语前面。Shouldyoupassthisway,dodropinforavisit.=Ifyoushouldpassthisway,……HadIknownit,Iwouldn’thadmadesuchasillymi
4、stake.=IfIhadknownit,……WereitlefttometodecidewhetherIshouldhaveajobimmediatelyorgoontostudyatcollege,Iwouldn’thesitateamomenttochoosethelatter.=Ifitwerelefttometodecide……..⑤在同一个句子中不能一部分表示真实条件,另一部分表示非真实条件。[误]Ifmygrandfathercomestomorrow,Ishouldstayhome.[
5、正]Ifmygrandfathercomestomorrow,Ishallstayhome.[正]Ifmygrandfatherweretocometomorrow,Ishouldstayhome.⑥有时,条件和结果发生的时间不一致,动词形式便要作适当调整,变成错综时间条件句。Ifyouhadtakenthemedicine,youwouldbewellnow.Ifhewerehonest,hewouldhadtoldusthetruth.Ifithadn’trainedsomuch,wewouldh
6、aveagoodharvestinautumn.2.介词或介词短语without/thanksto/butfor+名词结构代替if条件句表示的虚拟语气。主句谓语与现在事实相反would/should/could+动词原形与过去时间相反would/should/could+have+过去分词将来不大可能发生的事would/should/could+动词原形Butforyourhelp,Icouldsithereandprepareformymid-termexamination.Thankstothem
7、an’stimelyrescue,thechildwouldhavebeendrowned.Withoutthesunandwater,nothingwouldlive.仅供学习与交流,如有侵权请联系网站删除谢谢4精品好文档,推荐学习交流3.wish+宾语从句宾语从句谓语与现在愿望相反一般过去式(动词be用were)与过去愿望相反had+过去分词将来不大可能发生的愿望would/should+动词原形IwishIwereasstrongasyou.IwishIhadnotfailedthechemis
8、tryexamination.IwishIwouldbecomeapilotwhenIgrowup.*hope与wish不同,后面接宾语从句一般表示真实情况,其愿望一般可以实现。Ihopeitwillbefinetomorrow.但如果说hadhoped,则表示一种过去未实现的愿望,宾语从句用would+动词原形来表示。IhadhopedTomwouldattendthemeeting.4.it’s(high)time+从句从句谓语表示是应该做某事的时候