第02章--古典贸易理论(英文习题)答案.doc

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1、CHOICEQUESTIONS（D）1.Themercantilists（n.重商主义）wouldhaveobjectedto（反对）:a.Exportpromotionpolicies（出口促进政策）initiated（v.发起）bythegovernmentb.Theuseoftariffs（n.关税）orquotas（n.配额）torestrictimportsc.Tradepoliciesdesignedtoaccumulate（v.积累）goldandotherpreciousmetals

2、（贵金属）d.Internationaltradebasedonopenmarkets（自由市场）（C）2.Unlikethemercantilists,AdamSmithmaintained（v.主张，坚称）that:a.Tradebenefitsonenationonlyattheexpenseof（在损失…的情况下）anothernationb.Governmentcontroloftradeleadstomaximum（adj.最大值的，最大量的）economicwelfare（经济福利）c

3、.Allnationscangainfromfreeinternationaltraded.Theworld’soutputofgoodsmustremainconstant（adj.不变的）overtime（D）3.Thetradingprincipleformulated（v.明确表达）byAdamSmithmaintained（v.主张，坚称）that:a.Internationalpricesaredeterminedfromthedemandsideofthemarketb.Differe

4、ncesinresourceendowments（资源禀赋）determinecomparativeadvantagec.Differencesinincomelevelsgovernworldtradepatternsd.Absolutecostdifferences（成本差异）determinetheimmediatebasisfortrade（A）4.Assumethatlaboristheonlyfactorofproduction（生产要素）andthatwagesintheUnitedS

5、tatesequal$20perhourwhilewagesintheUnitedKingdomequal$10perhour.ProductioncostswouldbelowerintheUnitedStatesthantheUnitedKingdomif:a.U.S.laborproductivityequaled40unitsperhourwhileU.K.laborproductivityequaled15unitsperhourb.U.S.laborproductivityequaled

6、30unitsperhourwhileU.K.laborproductivityequaled20unitsperhourc.U.S.laborproductivityequaled20unitsperhourwhileU.K.laborproductivityequaled30unitsperhourd.U.S.laborproductivityequaled15unitsperhourwhileU.K.laborproductivityequaled25unitsperhour（C）5.Conc

7、erning（prep.关于，就…而论）internationaltraderestrictions（n.限制）,whichofthefollowingisfalse?Traderestrictions:a.Limitspecialization（专业化）andthedivisionoflabor（劳动分工）b.Reducethevolumeoftrade（贸易量）andthegainsfromtrade（贸易所得）c.Causenationstoproduceinsidetheirproducti

8、onpossibilitiescurves（生产可能性曲线）d.Mayresultinacountryproducingsomeoftheproductofitscomparativedisadvantage（A）6.Inatwo-country,two-productworld,thestatement“JapanenjoysacomparativeadvantageoverFranceinsteelrelativetobicycles”isequivalentto