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1、TwentyQuestionsJilldeVilliersSmithCollegeTomRoeperU.Mass,Amherst.ASHA,November2003,Chicago.TheAcquisitionChallengeGrammarisautomaticinadults.Wearenotconsciousofmuchstructure.QuestionsinvolvemanyintricatestepsThechildmustestablishthegrammarofquestionsinEnglishfromallpossibl

2、equestiongrammars.Wehopetoshowtherearechallengesateverylevel.Wewillchoosetwentystructuresinvolvingquestions,anddescribe:Thegrammarinvolved-themechanismThemeaningentailedinusingthemThevariationsthatoccurcross-linguisticallyWhatweknowaboutnormalacquisitionWherethingscouldgow

3、rong.Question1:What'sawh-wordmadeupof?What’sthemechanism?Contraction:wh-+deictic,pronoun,orquantifierTwomorphemes:What=wh+thatWhen=wh+thenWhere=wh+hereWhich=wh+eachWhose=wh+‘sQuestion1:What'sawh-wordmadeupof?What’sthemeaning?wh-=>question==>rangesoveraset==>partitionsthewo

4、rldintosubsetsWhatcanyouseeinyourhousethatisblackthatyouhavehadfor5years?Question1:What'sawh-wordmadeupof?What’sthevariationacrosslanguages?a.Mostformsarepresentinalllanguagesb.Extraorfewerformsc.Japanese:howandwhyarethesamed.Chinese:overtquantifierwh+somebody=whoQuestion1

5、:What'sawh-wordmadeupof?What’stheacquisitionpath?1.Childrensayovertexamplese.g."whosomebodydidthat?=>discoverspropertiesofwho-thatitisahiddenquantifier.2.Childrenacquirethewh-wordsinafairlystandardorder:what/where/whobeforehow/when/why3.Which/whose=>verylateQuestion1:What'

6、sawh-wordmadeupof?What’sthepotentialformis-steps?1.Confusewh-words(howandwhy)2.MovepartnotwholeWhodidheread(..)‘sbook3.Couldachildthink*whis=wh+this?Question2:Whatdoesmovementdo?What’sthemechanism?Connects:argumentstructuretowh-Isitlikeco-indexation?John-xlosthis-xhatWhat[

7、+theme]-xdidyoubuy[+theme]-x("abstractagreement"-Chomsky2001)Orisitmovement?(seenext)Question2:Whatdoesmovementdo?What’sthemeaning?Themeaningcomesfromtheconstituentofthesentencethatthewh-word"standsin"for:Heatefood.Heatewhat?(echo,un-movedquestion)Ans:"food".Whenthewh-word

8、movesintothefront,tospecCP,ittakesonthepropertyofaquantifier.Heatefood.Whatdidheeat?*"foo