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1、ControllingtheFurnaceProcessinCoal-FiredBoilersTheunstabletrendsthatexistinthemarketoffuelsuppliedtothermalpowerplantsandthesituationsinwhichtheparametersoftheiroperationneedtobechanged(orpreserved),aswellasthetendencytowardtheeconomicalandenvironmentalrequirementsplacedonthembecomingmo
2、restringent,arefactorsthatmaketheproblemofcontrollingthecombustionandheattransferprocessesinfurnacedevicesveryurgent.Thesolutiontothisproblemhastwoaspects.Thefirstinvolvesdevelopmentofacombustiontechnologyand,accordingly,thedesignofafurnacedevicewhennewinstallationsaredesigned.Thesecond
3、involvesmodernizationofalreadyexistingequipment.Inbothcases,thetechnicalsolutionsbeingadoptedmustbeproperlysubstantiatedwiththeuseofbothexperimentalandcalculationstudies.TheexperienceCentralBoiler-TurbineInstituteResearchandProductionAssociation(TsKTI)andZiOspecialistsgainedfromoperatio
4、nofboilersandexperimentalinvestigationstheycarriedoutonmodelsallowedthemtoproposeseveralnewdesignsofmultifuelandmaneuverable—inotherwords,controllable—furnacedevicesthathadbeenputinoperationatpowerstationsforseveralyears.Alongwiththis,anapproximatezero-one-dimensional,zonewisecalculatio
5、nmodelofthefurnaceprocessinboilershadbeendevelopedattheTsKTI,whichallowedTsKTIspecialiststocarryoutengineeringcalculationsofthemainparametersofthisprocessandcalculatestudiesoffurnacesemployingdifferenttechnologiesoffiringandcombustionmodes.Naturally,furnaceprocessadjustmentmethodslikech
6、angingtheairexcessfactor,stackgasrecirculationfraction,anddistributionoffuelandairamongthetiersofburners,aswellasotheroperationswrittenintheboileroperationalchart,areusedduringboileroperation.However,theeffecttheyhaveontheprocessislimitedinnature.Ontheotherhand,controlofthefurnaceproces
7、sinaboilerimpliesthepossibilityofmakingsubstantialchangesintheconditionsunderwhichthecombustionandheattransferproceedinordertoconsiderablyexpandtherangeofloads,minimizeheatlosses,reducetheextenttowhichthefurnaceiscontaminatedwithslag,decreasetheemissionsofharmfulsubstances,ands
