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1、ApplicationofGauge/GravityDualitytoApplicationofGauge/GravityDualitytoCondensedmattersystemsCondensedmattersystemsAnintroductionFromBlackHoletoSuperconductor曾化碧（渤海大学）Content•WhatisAdS/CFT?AppliedAdS/CFT•Howitworks?•TwotypicalexamplesofAdS/CMT•ConclusionandfutureWhatisGau
2、ge/Gravitydualityandthepositionofit•Animportantprogressintheoriticalphysicsin20years.(changetheusualunderstandingofnature)Thedualitybetweenthelargestscaletheoryandsmallestscaletheory.GravityandQuantumfieldtheoryGaugeFieldTheoryand(Quantum)Gravitya)Electromagnetismb)Weakn
3、ucleard)c)StrongnuclearQuantumGravity:StandardModelStringTheory,LoopQuantumProblem:StrongCoupledsysteminQCD.CMT.Gravity.GaugeFieldTheoryandQuantumGravitychallengeVSchancea)Electromagnetismb)Weaknuclear?d)c)StrongnuclearQuantumGravity:StandardModelStringTheory,LoopQuantum
4、Problem:StrongCoupledsysteminQCD.CMT.Gravity.Motivations•Theholographicprinciple(‘tHooft,Susskind):quantumgravityinanyspacecanbeformulatedintermsofdegreesoffreedomlivingontheboundaryofthespace.ThisismotivatedbytheBekenstein-Hawkingblackholeentropy,S~A(theareaofthehorizon
5、).G.'tHooft,Dimensionalreductioninquantumgravity,"arXiv:gr-qc/9310026.L.Susskind,TheWorldAsAHologram,"J.Math.Phys.36,6377(1995)[arXiv:hep-th/9409089].G.‘tHooftStringtheoryfromSU(N)gaugefieldtheoryLargeN(sizeofgaugematrices),toG.'tHooft,Aplanardiagramtheoryforstronghav
6、eenoughstates.‘tHooft(1974)interactions,"Nucl.Phys.B72,461(1974).showedthatonegetsaninterestinglimitifonereplacedthe3colorsofQCDwithalargenumberN.Theremarkablediscoveryisthatthesetwokindsoftheoryaredual.SurpriseandProfoundgaugetheoryAnotherwaytounifythem?Any(quantum)grav
7、itytheoryina(d+1)-dimensionalasymptoticallyanti-deSitterspacetimeisdualtoad-dimensionalquantumfieldtheory‘‘livingatitsboundary.’’J.M.Maldacena,ThelargeNlimitofsuperconformalfieldtheoriesandsupergravity,"Adv.Theor.Math.Phys.2(1998)231[Int.J.Theor.Phys.38(1999)1113][arXiv
8、:hep-th/9711200];(引用：10000+)S.S.Gubser,I.R.KlebanovandA.M.Polyakov,Gaugetheorycor-relatorsfromnon-crit
