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1、Directspeech直接引语和间接引语&indirectspeechGrammarShesaidthathernamewasAnneFrankandherfamilywasJewish.MynameisAnneFrankandmyfamilyisJewish.MyfamilyandIarehidinginAmsterdam.ShesaidthatsheandherfamilywerehidinginAmsterdam.MyonlytruefriendisKitty—mydiary.ShesaidthatheronlytruefriendwasKitty—her
2、diary.Afterhidinghereforalongtime,I’vebecomecrazyaboutnature.Shesaidthatafterhidingthereforalongtime,shehadbecomecrazyaboutnature.Annesaid:“MynameisAnneFrankandmyfamilyisJewish.”(Directspeech)ShesaidthatsheandherfamilywerehidinginAmsterdam.(Indirectspeech)引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:一是原封不动地引用原话,把
3、它放在引号内,这叫直接引语(Directspeech);一是用自己的话加以转述,这叫间接引语(Indirectspeech).1.直接引语转变为间接引语时,从句由that引导,可省略;主句动词为现在时时,从句动词时态不变。1.Sheoftensays,“Allmenandwomenareequalunderthelaw.”1.Sheoftensays(that)allmenandwomenareequalunderthelaw.2.“Ilikereadingstories,”saidJohn.Johnsaidthathelikedreadingstories.3.
4、“Idon’tlikecars,”Sarahsaidtohim.Sarahtoldhimthatshedidn’tlikecars.2.直接引语转变为间接引语时，人称要进行相应变化；且主句动词为一般过去时时，从句动词时态应为过去时的相应时态。直接引语里的第一人称和第二人称，变间接引语时，人称要做相应调整。1.Shesaid:“Iamhungry.”Shesaidthatshewashungry.2.Mumsaidtome:“Youcandoityourself.”MumtoldmethatIcoulddoitmyself.3.Mr.Smithsaid,“Heisa
5、goodworker.’’Mr.Smithsaidthathewasagoodworker.1.人称的变化1.Jacksaidtome,“Youlookworriedtoday.”Jacktoldmethat__lookedworriedthatday.2.Wesaidtoher,“They’recleaningtheroom.”Wetoldherthat____werecleaningtheroom.3.Mr.Blacksaid,“Ihavewalkedalongway.”Mr.Blacksaidthat__hadwalkedalongway.Itheyhe2.
6、时态变化Hesays:“Itreatyouasmyson.”Hesaysthathetreatsmeashisson.1.主句为一般现在时,现在完成时或一般将来时的时候,间接引语时态不变。直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)一般现在时“Iknowit,”hesaid.一般过去时Hesaidheknewit.2.当主句为过去时,从句要跟着相应的变化。现在进行时“I’mmakingcoffeeforyouall,”shesaid.过去进行时Shesaidshewasmakingcoffeeforusall.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)现在完成时“Ihavese
7、enherbefore,”saidhe.过去完成时Hesaidhehadseenherbefore.现在完成进行时Hesaid,“Ihavebeendoingitforhours.”过去完成进行时Hesaidhehadbeendoingitforhours.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)一般过去时“Isawheryesterday,”hesaid.过去完成时Hesaidhehadseenherthedaybefore.过去进行时“IwaswaitingforJim,”shesaid.过去进行时ShesaidshewaswaitingforJim.直接引语(变
8、化前)间接
