脑血管病-1培训讲学.ppt

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1、脑血管病-1急性脑血管疾病分类classificationofacutecerebrovasculardiseases短暂性脑缺血发作（transientischemicattack，TIA）颈动脉系统internalcarotidarterysystemTIA椎－基底动脉系统basilar-vertebralarterysystemTIA脑卒中（stroke,apoplexy,cerebrovascularaccident）蛛网膜下腔出血（subarachnoidhemorrhage）脑出血（intracerebralhemorrhage,ICH）脑梗死(cerebralinfarct

2、ion)动脉粥样硬化性血栓性脑梗死(arterothromboticcerebralinfarction)脑栓塞(cerebralembolism)腔隙性脑梗死(lacunarinfarction),等其他分类脑血管疾病otherclassificationofcerebrovasculardiseases椎基底动脉供血不足（Vertebrobasilararterialinsufficiency）脑血管性痴呆（cerebralvasculardementia）高血压脑病（hypertensiveencephalopathy）颅内动脉瘤（intracranialaneurysm）颅内血管

3、畸形（intracranialvascularmalformation）脑动脉炎（cerebralarteritis）颅内静脉、静脉窦血栓形成（thrombosisofvenoussinus）颅外段动、静脉疾病其他动脉疾病(otherarterialdiseases)脑的血液循环bloodcirculationofcerebullar颈内动脉系统(internalcarotidarterysystem)椎基底动系统(basilar-vertebralartery脑组织(braintissue)静脉系统(veinsystem)静脉窦(veinsinuses)颈内静脉(internalcar

4、otidvein)颈内动脉系统internalcarotidarterysystem眼动脉(ophthalmicartery后交通动脉(posteriorcommunicatingartery)脉络前动脉(anteriorchoroidalartery)大脑前动脉(anteriorcerebralartery)大脑中动脉(middlecerebralartery)椎-基底动脉系统vertebrobasilarcirculation椎动脉vertebralartery基底动脉basilarartery大脑后动脉posteriorcerebralartery脑的供血区域颈内动脉系统(inte

5、rnalcarotidartery)又称前循环,供应额、颞、顶叶和基底核等大脑半球前3/5血流providethebloodoffrontallobe,temporallobeandparietallobe,etal椎-基底动脉系统（basilar-vetebralartery)又称后循环，供应小脑、脑干、丘脑和枕、颞叶等大脑半球后2/5血液providethebloodofcerebellum,brainstem,cerebralganglion,occipitallobe,脑动脉细小分支穿通支（perforatingbranch）间脑(diencephalon)、纹状体(corpus

6、striatum)、内囊(internalcapsule)、脑干基底部中线旁结构皮质支（corticalbranch）大脑半球皮质及皮质下白质与脑干的背外侧脑底动脉环大脑中动脉近端基底动脉脑动脉侧支循环compensatorycirculationWillis环双侧颈内动脉internalcaroticartey双侧大脑前动脉anteriorcerebralartey双侧大脑后动脉posteriorcerebralartery前交通动脉anteriorcommunicatingartery双侧后交通动脉posteriorcommunicatingartery其他侧支循环(othercom

7、pensatorycirculation)大脑前、中、后动脉皮质支在大脑表面彼此交通颈内、外动脉围绕眼耳、鼻、的深浅分支互相吻合大脑动脉皮质支与来自颈外动脉的脑膜动脉分支也存在丰富的侧支吻合分水岭脑梗死cerebralwatershedinfarction脑的静脉(cerebralveins)大脑上静脉大脑中静脉大脑下静脉superior,middle,inferiorcerebralveins上矢状窦Superiorsagitta