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1、汽车专业英语3781451152Unit1EngineMechanical1.CylinderBlockTheengineblockisthemainsupportingstructuretowhichallotherenginepartsareattached.Fig.1-1-1showsacylinderblock.Ithastwomainsections:thecylindersectionandthecrankcasesection.Thecrankcasesectionisusedtohousethecrankshaft
2、,oilpan.Coolingpassagewaysarebuiltwithintheblock.Thesepassageways,alsoknownaswatersockets,surroundthecylinders.Theyallowcoolanttocirculatethroughoutthecylinderareatokeeptheenginecool.Thereisalsoadrilledpassagewaywithinsomeblocksforthecamshaft.Manyoilholesaredrilledint
3、ernallysothatenginepartscanbeadequatelylubricated.engine发动机block气缸体cylinder气缸crankcase曲轴箱house安装crankshaft曲轴camshaft凸轮轴coolant冷却液oilpan机油盘watersocket水套internally内部地adequately充分地lubricate润滑Four-CylinderEngineCylinderBlock (四缸发动机气缸体)Fig.1-1-11-cylinderblock(气缸体)2-cylind
4、er(气缸)3-crankcasearea（曲轴箱部分）2.CylinderLinersThepurposeofusingalineristhat,ifthecylinderisdamaged,thelinercanberemovedandreplacedrathereasily.Therearetwotypesofsleeves－wetanddry.Sealsmustbeusedonthetopandbottomofthewetsleeveinordertokeepthecoolantfromleakingoutofthecoo
5、lingsystem.3.CylinderHeadTheCylinderheadisusedtoholdthevalves,andithasportstoallowair,fuelandexhausttomovethroughtheengine.Inaddition,ithascoolantpassages.Fig.1-1-2showsacylinderhead.Afterthecylinderheadhasbeencast,someareasmustbemachinedsothatintakeandexhaustmanifold
6、scanbeattached,valvescanbeseated,sparkplugsandinjectorscanbeinstalled,andagoodsealcanbeprovidedtotheblock.liner（发动机)气缸套remove拆下replace取代seal密封，封条leak使渗漏valve气门；阀port孔管道exhaust排气inaddition另外intake进气，吸入manifold歧管spark火花plug塞子injector喷油器install安装CylinderHead（气缸盖）Fig.1-1-
7、21-cap(盖)2-cylinderheadbolt（气缸盖螺栓）3-exhaustmanifoldgasket（排气歧管垫）4-cylinderheadgasket（气缸盖垫片）5-intakemanifoldgasket(进气歧管垫)6-cylinderhead(气缸盖)7-cylinderheadcovergasket(气缸盖罩垫片)8-cylinderheadcover(气缸盖罩）4.PistonandConnectingRodAssemblyThepistonandconnectingrodassemblytransm
8、itsthepowerfromcombustiontothecrankshaft.ShowninFig.1-1-3,itmainlyconsistsofpiston,compressionrings,oilcontrolrings,pistonpi
