化工原理杨祖荣1-7章习题答案(完美排版).docx

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1、.目录第一章流体流动与输送机械·····················································（2）第二章非均相物系分离·························································（32）第三章传热···································································（42）第四章蒸发···································································（

2、69）第五章气体吸收·······························································（73）第六章蒸馏···································································（95）第七章固体干燥·······························································（119）1/90.2/90.第三章传热1、某加热器外面包了一层厚为300mm的绝缘材料，该材料的导热系数为0.16W/（m℃），已测得

3、该绝缘层外缘温度为30℃，距加热器外壁250mm处为75℃，试求加热器外壁面温度为多少？解：Qt1t2t2t3Ab1b212t2t3b1t275300.25300oCt1b20.057510.1620.162、某燃烧炉的平壁由下列三种砖依次砌成；耐火砖b1=230mm，1=1.05W/(m℃·)绝热砖b2=230mm，2=0.151W/(m·℃)建筑砖b3=240mm，3=0.93W/(m·℃)已知耐火砖内侧温度为1000℃，耐火砖与绝热砖界面处的温度为940℃，要求绝热砖与建筑砖界面处的温度不得超过138℃，试求：（1）绝热层需几块绝热砖；（2）普通砖外侧温度为多少？解：（

4、1）b2=?Qt1t2t2t3Ab1b21210009409401380.23273.9b21.050.151b20.442m230mm

5、钢管外表面的温度。解：已知钢管的内半径r1502520mm2钢管的外半径r25025mm2保温层的外半径r3253055mm根据式（3-12a），每米管长的热损失习题3-3附图Q2L(t1t3)r21r31lnr1ln12r221(623373)1570397W1251550.0143.94lnln200.22516由于是定态热传导，故各层传导的热量应该相等，可得到钢管外表面的温度t2。t2t1Q1lnr26233971ln25622K2l1r12116204、Φ60×3㎜的铝合金管（导热系数近似按钢管选取），外面依次包有一层30mm的石棉和30mm的软木。石棉和软木的导热系

6、数分别为0.16Ｗ／（ｍ·Ｋ）和0.04Ｗ／（ｍ·Ｋ）（管外涂防水胶，以免水汽渗入后发生冷凝及冻结）。（1）已知管内壁温度为-110℃，软木外侧温度为10℃，求每米管长上损失的冷量；（2）计算出钢、石棉及软木层各层热阻在总热阻中所占的百分数；（3）若将两层保温材料互换（各层厚度仍为30mm），钢管内壁面温度仍为-110℃，作为近似计算，假设最外层的石棉层表面温度仍为10℃。求此时每米管长损失的冷量。提示：保温层互换后，保温层外壁面与空气间的对流传热膜系数与互换前相同。解：(1)t1110℃t410℃r10.027mr20.030mr30.060mr40090.m145W/(m

7、K)2016.W/(mK)3004.W/(mK)每米管长损失的冷量：4/90.2t1t421101052.1W/mq1r31r413016011r290lnlnr2ln45ln0.16ln0.04ln1r123r3273060(2)RR1R2R3R11ln300.00234(m2K)/W4527R21604.332(m2K)/W016.ln30R31ln9010137.(m2K)/W0.0460R0.002344.33210137.14.471(m2K)/W各层热阻在总热阻中所占的分数：R1R钢0.00