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1、初中英语助动词及情态动词动词助动词情态动词连系动词be,do,have,willcan/could,may/might,will/would,shall/should,must,need,usedtobelook,seem,sound,feel,smell,taste,fall,keep实义动词like,play,agree,spend,cost,happen,take助动词助动词--起帮助作用的动词加强语气否定回答时态语态疑问Docomein,please.Dostudyhard.Hedoesnotwriteastory.H
2、ewritesastory.Doeshewriteastory?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.Heiswritingastory.Heisgoingtowriteastory.Hehaswrittenastory.Hewillwriteastory.Astoryiswritten(byhim).做助动词时,do,be,have本身没有词汇意义Doyourhomeworkcarefully.OnSundayweoftendosomeshopping.Ihaveapairofglassesanditismyfr
3、iend.Areyouastudent?助动词do的用法1)构成一般疑问句,例如:Doyouwanttopasstheexam?DidyoustudyGerman?2)do+not构成否定句,例如:Idonotwanttoeattoomuch.Hedoesn’tlikeswimming.3)构成否定祈使句,例如:Don‘tgothere.Don’tbesocareless.说明:构成否定祈使句只用do,不用did和does。4)放在动词原形前,加强该动词的语气,例如:Docometomybirthdayparty.Ididgo
4、there.Idomissyou.5)用来回答一般疑问句,例如:----DoyoulikeBeijing?----Yes,Ido.助动词be的用法1)be+现在分词,构成进行时态,例如:Theyarehavingameeting.2)be+goingtodo,构成将来时态,例如:TheGreensaregoingtoBeijingnextweek.3)be+过去分词,构成被动语态,例如:ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.助动词have的用法1)have+过去分词,构成完成时态,例如:HehasleftforLon
5、don.他已去了伦敦。Bytheendoflastmonth,theyhadfinishedhalfoftheirwork.2)have+been+现在分词,构成完成进行时,例如:IhavebeenstudyingEnglishfortenyears.我一直在学英语,已达十年之久。3)have+been+过去分词,构成完成式被动语态,例如:EnglishhasbeentaughtinChinaformanyyears.中国教英语已经多年。第一人称(I、we)用shall:I/Weshallgotomorrow.第二人称you及
6、第三人称(he、she、it、they)都用will:He/She/Theywillgotomorrow.如果shall或will并不是用来表示后面的动词是未来式的,那么shall将用在第二及三人称,这时就有“决定、命令、答应”等意思:Youshallobeyme.Heshallleavethehouseinstantly.Youshallhavemybook.同样的,will用在第一人称时,就有“决定、答应、情愿”等意思:Iwillspeak,inspiteof(不管)you.Iwillneverforgetyou.关于wi
7、ll的用法助动词缩略形式练习He’shere.It’sbeensnowingsincemidnight.We’dbetterhurryup.I’dfinishbeforehecame.判断正误:He’slate.He’slateyesterday.He’s=HeisIt’s=IthasWe’dbetter=WehadI’d=IwouldTrueHe’s=HeisFalseHe’s=Heis/HehasHewas不能缩写情态动词情态动词情态动词的语法特征1)情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。2
8、)情态动词除ought和have外,后面只接不带to的不定式,即必须跟动词原形。3)情态动词没有人称,数的变化,即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。4)情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式,现在分词,过去分词等形式。can’t/berainycan/skatecan’t/catc