英语语法及知识点专题练习.doc

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1、英语语法及知识点专题练习（定语从句）V一．什么叫定语从句在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句有限定性从句和非限定性从句。在初中阶段多为限定性从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词后面，关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时也可作定语从句的某个成分。引起定语从句的关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose和关系副词wherewhenwhy等。二．定语从句中关系代词的用法关系代词例句that指物Aplaneisamachinetha

2、tcanfly.ThenoodlesthatIcookedweredelicious指人Whoisthegirl(that)isreadingEnglishoverthere?Theoldman(that)wesawyesterdaywasJim’sgrandpawhich指物ThebikeswhicharemadeinTianjinsellwell.Thebook(which)heboughtlastweekcosthimtwentyyuan.Who,whom指人Theboywhocametoour

3、classyesterdayisfromAmerica.Thegirlwho/whomyoutalkedtojustnowisKate.whose指物或指人Theboywhosefatherisateacherismyclassmate.Thehousewhosewindowsfacesouthismyaunt’s三．关系副词的用法关系副词例句when时间Youcanleavehereanytimewhenyouwantto.where地点ThisisthehousewhereIoncelivedwh

4、y原因Hedidn’ttellmethereasonwhyhewaslateforschool.how方式It’sthewayhowheimprovedhismath.四．关系代词that与which的用法区别（先行词指物时）1.当先行词是不定代词all,much等时，或者被这些词修饰时，只能用that引用定语从句。例：I’vereadallthebooksthatmymotherboughtforme.我已经读完了妈妈给我买的所有的书。2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，只能用that引导定语从

5、句。例：ThisisthemostexcitingmoviethatIhaveeverseen.这就是我曾经看过的最有趣的电影。3.先行词被theonly,thelast,thesame,thevery修饰时，只能用that引导定语从句。例如：Thisistheonlybookthatwaswrittenbyhim.这就是唯一一本他写的书。4.先行词既指人又指物时，只能用that引导定语从句。例如，Theyaretalkingabouttheschoolandtheteachersthattheyvi

6、sitedyesterday.5.当关系代词前介词时，只能用which引导定语从句。例如：Thisisthehouseofwhichthewindowsfacesouth.这是那所窗户朝南的房子。6.非限定性定语从句只能用which引导定语从句引导。例如：Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedinmanycountries.很多国家都在踢足球，他是很有趣的运动项目。7.先行词是that，those时，只能用which引导定语从句例如：What’sth

7、atwhichwasputinthecar?五．关系代词who,whom,that的用法区别（先行词指人）1.在who开头的疑问句中，若出现定语从句修饰指人的先行词时，只能用that引导从句。例：Whoistheboythatiswearingaredcoatoverthere?2.先行词是those,one等指人的不定代词，定语从句用who引导。例：Weshouldhelpthosewhoareintrouble.3.先行词是人且介词提前紧跟先行词之后时，只能用whom,引导定语从句。例如：This

8、ItheboywithwhomIplayedtennis.六．知识点1.prefer常用于下例搭配中：1)Preferdoingtodoing“喜欢······胜于······”或PreferAtoB意为“A与B比较起来，更喜欢A。这里to是介词。Heprefersredtoblue.2)prefertodo…ratherthando…相当于wouldratherdo…thando…意为“宁愿做······而不愿做······”这里的to为动词不定式符号