资源描述：
《神经生物学课件：5递质系统.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、NeurotransmitterSystemsJianhongLuo,Ph.D.DepartmentofNeurobiologyZhejiangUniversitySchoolofMedicineIntroductionStudyingNeurotransmitterSystemsLocalizationoftransmittersandsynthesizingenzymesStudyingtransmitterrelease/synapticmimicry/receptorsNeurotransmitterChemistryCholinergic/Catecholaminer
2、gic/Serotonergic/minoacidergicneuronsOtherneurotransmittercandidatesandintercellularmessengersTransmitter-gatedChannelsThebasicstructureoftransmitter-gatedchannelsAminiacid-gatedchannelsG-Protein-CoupledReceptorsAndEffectorsThebasicstructureofG-protein-coupledreceptorsTheubiquitousG-proteinG
3、-protein-coupledeffectorsystemsDivergenceandConvergenceinNeurotransmitterSystemsNeurotransmitters(aminoacids,amines,andpeptides)PlusThemolecularmachinery(fortransmittersynthesis,vesicularpackaging,reuptakeanddegradation,andtransmitteraction)Acetylcholine(ACh),thefirstNT,identifiedinthe1920s.
4、TheneuronsproducingandreleasingAchgiventhetermcholinergicbyBritishpharmacologistHenryDale(sharedthe1936NobelPrizewithLoewi).Thesuffix–ergic:noradrenergic,glutamatergic,GABAergic,peptidergic,andsoon,forthevarioussynapses,neuronsandneurotransmittersystems.IntroductionIntroductionElementsofneur
5、otransmittersystemsStudyingNeurotransmitterSystemsCriteriatoidentifyaneurotransmitter:Themoleculemustbesynthesizedandstoredinthepresynapticneuron.Themoleculemustbereleasedbythepresynapticaxonterminaluponstimulation.Themolecule,whenexperimentallyapplied,mustproducearesponseinthepostsynapticce
6、llthatmimicstheresponseproducedbythereleaseofneurotransmitterfromthepresynapticneuron.LocalizationofTransmittersandtheirSynthesisEnzymesWhatevertheinspiration,thefirststepinconfirmingthehypothesisonanewneurotransmitteristoshowthatthemoleculeis,infact,localizedin,andsynthesizedby,particularne
7、urons.Manymethodshavebeenusedtosatisfythiscriterionfordifferentneurotransmitters.Twoofthemostimportanttechniquesusedtodayareimmunocytochemistry（免疫细胞化学）andinsituhybridization（原位杂交）.StudyingNeurotransmitterSystemsImmunocytochemistry.Thismethoduseslab
