java 面向对象设计ppt课件.ppt

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1、JavaSoftwareSolutionsFoundationsofProgramDesignSixthEditionbyLewis&LoftusChapter6:Object-OrientedDesignObject-OrientedDesignNowwecanextendourdiscussionofthedesignofclassesandobjectsChapter6focuseson:softwaredevelopmentactivitiesdeterminingtheclassesandobjectsthatareneededfor

2、aprogramtherelationshipsthatcanexistamongclassesthestaticmodifierwritinginterfacesthedesignofenumeratedtypeclassesmethoddesignandmethodoverloading2OutlineSoftwareDevelopmentActivitiesIdentifyingClassesandObjectsStaticVariablesandMethodsClassRelationshipsInterfacesEnumeratedTypes

3、RevisitedMethodDesignTesting3ProgramDevelopmentThecreationofsoftwareinvolvesfourbasicactivities:establishingtherequirementscreatingadesignimplementingthecodetestingtheimplementationTheseactivitiesarenotstrictlylinear–theyoverlapandinteract4RequirementsSoftwarerequirementsspecify

4、thetasksthataprogrammustaccomplishwhattodo,nothowtodoitOftenaninitialsetofrequirementsisprovided,buttheyshouldbecritiquedandexpandedItisdifficulttoestablishdetailed,unambiguous,andcompleterequirementsCarefulattentiontotherequirementscansavesignificanttimeandexpenseintheoverallpr

5、oject5DesignAsoftwaredesignspecifieshowaprogramwillaccomplishitsrequirementsThatis,asoftwaredesigndetermines:howthesolutioncanbebrokendownintomanageablepieceswhateachpiecewilldoAnobject-orienteddesigndetermineswhichclassesandobjectsareneeded,andspecifieshowtheywillinteractLowlev

6、eldesigndetailsincludehowindividualmethodswillaccomplishtheirtasks6ImplementationImplementationistheprocessoftranslatingadesignintosourcecodeNoviceprogrammersoftenthinkthatwritingcodeistheheartofsoftwaredevelopment,butactuallyitshouldbetheleastcreativestepAlmostallimportantdecis

7、ionsaremadeduringrequirementsanddesignstagesImplementationshouldfocusoncodingdetails,includingstyleguidelinesanddocumentation7TestingTestingattemptstoensurethattheprogramwillsolvetheintendedproblemunderalltheconstraintsspecifiedintherequirementsAprogramshouldbethoroughlytestedwi

8、ththegoaloffindingerrorsDebuggingistheprocessof