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1、1.Inaworkcycleoftheengine,eachpistongoesthroughfour-strokeprocesses:intakestroke,compressionstroke;powerstrokeandexhauststroke.这种内燃机每完成•个工作循环活塞需要经历四个冲程-■进气冲程，压缩冲程，作功冲程和排气冲程2.Thisterrificpushagainstthepistonforcesitdownward,andapowerimpulseistransmittedthroughtheconnectingrodtothethrowonthecranks
2、haft.上述压力作用快速推动活塞，迫使其向下运动，同时通过连杆将力传递给曲轴的曲柄。3.Valvemechanismofaninternalcombustionengineprovidestimelyadmissionofthefreshchargeintothecylindersandexhaustofspentgasesfromthem.一个内燃机的配气机构主要是适时地吸入新鲜混合气到气缸，并且及时地从气缸中排除尾气4.Valvemechanismincludesvalvegroupandvalvedrivinggroup.Thevalvegroupincludesvalve,v
3、alveseat,valveguideandvalvespring.Thevalvedrivinggroupincludescamshaft,lifter,pushrod,rockerarm,timinggearandsoon.配气机构包括气门组和气门传动组气门组包括气门，气门座，气门导管和气门弹簧。气门传动组包括凸轮轴，挺杆，推杆，摇臂，正时齿轮等5.Inordertostrengthenthetanksaswellastopreventsurgingoffuelwhenthevehicleroundsacurveorsuddenlystops,baffleplatesareatta
4、chedtotheinsideofthetank当车辆转弯或突然停车时，为了加固油箱也为了防止燃油波动，汽油箱内（通常）有挡油板6.Moreovertolimitthetransmissionofframedistortiontothetankgivingrisetosquekingasthemetalpartsgetrubbedtogether.rubberorfeltpadsareoftenfittedbetweenthemountingsandthetank为了更好的限制车架变形传递到汕箱而产生像金属元件在一起摩擦的敲击声,在衬托和油箱之间安装橡胶垫或毛毡垫7.theexhaus
5、tpipeistheconnectingpipebetweentheexhaustmanifoldandthemufflerorcatalyticconverter排气管是排气歧管和消音器或吹化转化器之间的连接管8,Thechargingsyetemdoestwojobs:Firstly,itprovideselectricalpowerfortheignitionsystemandthecar'sotherelectricalaccessories.Secondlyzitsupplementsthepowerusedbythebatterywhenstaringthecar.lnor
6、derwords,thechargingsystemmaintainsthebattery'sstateofcharging充电系统担负两项任务;第一，它为点火系统及汽车其他电•器元件提供电能，第二，他提供蓄电池所需的能量。换句话说，充电系统维持着蓄电池的充电状态。9.Abasicignitionsystemconsistsofthebattery,Iow-tensioncoilandcables,theignitioncoil,thedistributor,high-tensioncoilandcables,sparkplugcablesandsparkplugs.一个基木的点火系统
7、包括蓄电池、低压线圈电缆、点火线圈、分电器、高压线圈电缆、火花塞电缆和火花塞。10.ltcontainstwobasicelectricalcircuits:theprimarycircuit（low-voltagecircuit）andthesecondarycircuit（high-voltagecircuit）.Theprimarycircuitconsistsofthebattery,ignitionswitch,resistancew
