转向系统--文献翻译

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1、THESTEERINGSYSTEMThesteeringsystemenablesthedrivertoguidetheautomobileorwheeledtractordowntheroadandturnrightorleft,asdesired,byturningwheels，Therearetwotypesofsteeringsystems.Thesearemanualandpower.1.PowerSteeringThereareacoupleofkeycomponentsinpowersteeringinadditiontoth

2、erack-and-pinionorrecalculating-ballmechanism.2.PumpThehydraulicpowerforthesteeringisprovidedbyarotary-vanepump(seediagrambelow).Thispumpisdrivenbythecar'sengineviaabeltandpulley.Itcontainsasetofretractablevanesthatspininsideanovalchamber.Asthevanesspin,theypullhydraulicfl

3、uidfromthereturnlineatlowpressureandforceitintotheoutletathighpressure.Theamountofflowprovidedbythepumpdependsonthecar'senginespeed.Thepumpmustbedesignedtoprovideadequateflowwhentheengineisidling.Asaresult,thepumpmovesmuchmorefluidthannecessarywhentheengineisrunningatfaste

4、rspeeds.Thepumpcontainsapressure-reliefvalvetomakesurethatthepressuredoesnotgettoohigh,especiallyathighenginespeedswhensomuchfluidisbeingpumped.3.RotaryValveApower-steeringsystemshouldassistthedriveronlywhenheisexertingforceonthesteeringwheel(suchaswhenstartingaturn).Whent

5、hedriverisnotexertingforce(suchaswhendrivinginastraightline),thesystemshouldn'tprovideanyassist.Thedevicethatsensestheforceonthesteeringwheeliscalledtherotaryvalve.Thekeytotherotaryvalveisatorsionbar.Thetorsionbarisathinrodofmetalthattwistswhentorqueisappliedtoit.Thetopoft

6、hebarisconnectedtothesteeringwheel,andthebottomofthebarisconnectedtothepinionorwormgear(whichturnsthewheels),sotheamountoftorqueinthetorsionbarisequaltotheamountoftorquethedriverisusingtoturnthewheels.Themoretorquethedriverusestoturnthewheels,themorethebartwists.Theinputfr

7、omthesteeringshaftformstheinnerpartofaspool-valveassembly.Italsoconnectstothetopendofthetorsionbar.Thebottomofthetorsionbarconnectstotheouterpartofthespoolvalve.Thetorsionbaralsoturnstheoutputofthesteeringgear,connectingtoeitherthepiniongearorthewormgeardependingonwhichtyp

8、eofsteeringthecarhas.Asthebartwists,itrotatestheinsideofthespoolvalverelativetotheoutside