第14章 竞争市场上的企业ppt课件.ppt

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1、竞争市场上的企业©2015CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.1什么是竞争市场竞争市场完全竞争市场市场中有许多买者和卖者交易相同产品每个

2、买者和卖者都是价格接受者企业自由进出市场©2015CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.2什么是竞争市场完全竞争市场中的企业努力使利润最大

3、化利润总收入减总成本总收益,TR=PˣQ价格乘以数量与产出量成比例©2015CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.3什么是竞争市场平均收益

4、,AR=TR/Q总收益除以销售量边际收益,MR=∆TR/∆Q增加一单位销售量引起的总收益变动对于竞争企业AR=PMR=P©2015CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsitef

5、orclassroomuse.4表15©2015CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.竞争企业的总收益、平均收益和边际收益利润最大化最大化

6、利润在总收益减去总成本最大处生产边际收益与边际成本的比较若MR>MC:增加产量若MR

7、forclassroomuse.6表27©2015CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.利润最大化:十个数字实例利润最大化边际成本曲线和企

8、业的供给决策MC曲线是向上倾斜的ATC曲线是U形的MC曲线与ATC曲线在ATC曲线最低处相交价格曲线是水平的:P=AR=MR©2015CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,except