雅思阅读生物类词汇.doc

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1、===雅思阅读分类词汇===-生物/生理molecule分子àmolecularcellcellularaminoàaminoacids(氨基酸)protein蛋白质enzyme酶(proteinsthatareproducedbycellsandactascatalystsinspecificbiochemicalreactions)catalyst催化剂chlorophyll叶绿素“chloro-”:Clphotosynthesis光合作用(photo+synthesis)àphotosyntheticbotany植物学(＜＞zoology＝àbotanis

2、t,botanicalflora植物群fauna动物群bacteriumbacteria(pl.)细菌fungusfungi(pl.)真菌algaealga(pl.)海藻herbàherbal:~teaàherbicide(^insecticide,pesticide)carnation康乃馨àreincarnationfade凋谢，褪色organism机体，组织ßorganarthropod节肢动物v.s.anthropoid(↓)reptile爬行动物amphibian两栖动物mammal哺乳动物(ßmamma!)primate灵长目动物evolution进

3、化(ßevolve)anthropoid类人猿(“anthrop”:humankind)~anthropology,philanthropyv.s.ape,gorilla,chimpanzeegene基因^DNA(deoxyribonucleicacid)~genome(基因组)genetics遗传学(àgenetical)helix螺旋，螺旋壮物…analyzeeverysinglegenewithinthedoublehelixofhumanity’sDNAidentical同一的~identity(àIDcard)^clonemutation突变genem

4、utationàmutable,immutable,mutantpredator捕食者(＜＞prey＝embryo胚胎àembryonic(萌芽的)roe鱼子＞＞＞caviar(鱼子酱)tadpole蝌蚪＞＞＞frog,toad(^told)caterpillar毛毛虫(cater+pillar)TheAmericanCompany:Caterpillar(CAT)grasshopper蚱蜢，蝗虫(=locust)grass+hopper,^bellhopcricket蟋蟀(另)板球butterflyv.s.moth^dragonfly,fireflypolle

5、n花粉传粉àpollinate,pollinationhive蜂房＞＞＞honey,^concoctionlarvalarvae(pl.)幼虫v.s.lavapupa蛹àpupatepenguin企鹅v.s.dolphin(海豚)raccoon浣熊v.s.kangaroo(袋鼠)hibernate冬眠(=holeup)torpid麻木的，蛰伏的v.s.torpedo(鱼雷)cerebral(大)脑的hemisphere半球(hemi+sphere)cortex脑皮层migraine偏头疼ßmigrantsomatic躯体的limb四肢upper/lowerlim

6、banatomy解剖，剖析paralyze使瘫痪(=incapacitate,immobilize)artery动脉(＜＞vein＝gland腺体pancreas胰hormone荷尔蒙，激素cholesterol胆固醇efficacy功效v.s.efficiency,effectiveness