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1、MediastinallymphomasQiuLiThemediastinumisanextrapleuralspacebetweenthetwopleuralcavities.Anatomicallythemediastinumisdividedintotheanterior–prevascularmiddle–vascularposterior–paravertebralsulcus-costovertebralspaceIntroductionThemediastinalspaceisdividedintothefourparts,accordingtoclinical-radi
2、ologicalaspectoflocalizationofthepathologicallesionswithrespecttodiagnosticandtherapeuticalapproach.1)Superiormediastinum–retrosternalthyroid,aorticaneurysm,thymictumor;2)Anteriormediastinum–thymictumors,lymphomas,teratomas,pleuropericardialcysts,dermoidcysts,thymiccysts;3)Middlemediastinum–lymp
3、honodularmasses,bronchogeniccysts,granulomatousdiseases(tuberculosis,sarcoidosis),metastaticcarcinoma,pleuropericardialcysts,tumorsoftheheart,lymphangiomas,neurentericcystsandgastroentericcysts,cystsofductusthoracicusandotherrarecysts;4)Posteriormediastinum–neurogenictumors,aorticaneurysms,bronc
4、hogenicandenterogeniccysts,lymphaticlesions,fibromas,lipomasandliposarcomas.DefinitionLymphomasaremalignanttransformationsofnormallymphoidcellswhichresidepredominantlyinlymphoidtissues.Lymphomaisasystemicdiseasewherethemediastinallymphnodesareofteninvolved.SymptomsFeverNightsweatsWeightlossFatig
5、uePruritusSkinlesionsClassificationTheyaredividedintotwomajortypes:Non-Hodgkin’slymphoma(NHL)Hodgkin’sLymphoma(HL)WHO/REALClassificationofLymphoidNeoplasmsB-CellNeoplasmsPrecursorB-cellneoplasmPrecursorB-lymphoblasticleukemia/lymphoma(precursorB-acutelymphoblasticleukemia)Mature(peripheral)B-neo
6、plasmsB-cellchroniclymphocyticleukemia/smalllymphocyticlymphomaB-cellprolymphocyticleukemiaLymphoplasmacyticlymphoma‡SplenicmarginalzoneB-celllymphoma(+villouslymphocytes)*HairycellleukemiaPlasmacellmyeloma/plasmacytomaExtranodalmarginalzoneB-celllymphomaofMALTtypeNodalmarginalzoneB-celllymphoma
7、(+monocytoidBcells)*FollicularlymphomaMantlecelllymphomaDiffuselargeB-celllymphomaMediastinallargeB-celllymphomaPrimaryeffusionlymphoma†Burkitt’slymphoma/Burkittcellleukemia§TandNK-CellNeoplasmsPrecursorT-cellneoplasmPrecurs
