高级语言程序设计 ppt课件.ppt

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1、AFirstBookofANSICFourthEditionChapter8Arrays1AFirstBookofANSIC,FourthEditionObjectivesOne-DimensionalArraysArrayInitializationArraysasFunctionArgumentsCaseStudy:ComputingAveragesandStandardDeviationsTwo-DimensionalArraysCommonProgrammingandCompilerErrors2AFirstBookofANSIC,FourthEditionIn

2、troductionAtomicvariable:variablewhosevaluecannotbefurthersubdividedintoabuilt-indatatypeAlsocalledascalarvariableDatastructure(aggregatedatatype):datatypewithtwomaincharacteristicsItsvaluescanbedecomposedintoindividualdataelements,eachofwhichiseitheratomicoranotherdatastructureItprovide

3、sanaccessschemeforlocatingindividualdataelementswithinthedatastructure3AFirstBookofANSIC,FourthEditionIntroduction(continued)Oneofthesimplestdatastructures,calledanarray,isusedtostoreandprocessasetofvalues,allofthesamedatatype,thatformsalogicalgroup4AFirstBookofANSIC,FourthEditionIntrodu

4、ction(continued)5AFirstBookofANSIC,FourthEditionOne-DimensionalArraysAone-dimensionalarray,alsocalledasingle-dimensionalarrayandasingle-subscriptarray,isalistofvaluesofthesamedatatypethatisstoredusingasinglegroupname6AFirstBookofANSIC,FourthEditionOne-DimensionalArrays(continued)7AFirstB

5、ookofANSIC,FourthEditionOne-DimensionalArrays(continued)Tocreateaone-dimensionalarray:#defineNUMELS5intgrades[NUMELS];InC,thestartingindexvalueforallarraysis0EachiteminanarrayiscalledanelementorcomponentofthearrayAnyelementcanbeaccessedbygivingthenameofthearrayandtheelement’spositionThep

6、ositionistheelement’sindexorsubscriptEachelementiscalledanindexedvariableorasubscriptedvariable8AFirstBookofANSIC,FourthEditionOne-DimensionalArrays(continued)9AFirstBookofANSIC,FourthEditionOne-DimensionalArrays(continued)10AFirstBookofANSIC,FourthEditionOne-DimensionalArrays(continued)

7、11AFirstBookofANSIC,FourthEditionOne-DimensionalArrays(continued)Subscriptedvariablescanbeusedanywherescalarvariablesarevalidgrades[0]=98;grades[1]=grades[0]-11;Anyexpressionthatevaluatesanintegermaybeusedasasubscript#defineNUMELS5total=0;/*initializetotaltozero*/for(i=0;