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1、不定式与动名词 用法之异同1一、作主语1）基本用法：动词-ing做主语通常表示事物化、抽象化的概念，而且谓语动词一律用单数）Seeingisbelieving.Listeningtomusicisoneofmyhobbies.Studyingabroadhasmanyadvantages.2）It作形式主语Itisnouse/good/awasteoftime+v-ingItisnousequarrelingwithher.Itisnogoodreadingsuchkindsofbooks.2二、作宾语Weappreciateyourof
2、feringtohelp. Wemustavoidmakingsuchmistakesagain.3)Thereisno+v-ingThereisnojokingaboutthismatter.Thereisnotellingwherehehasgone.3只用v-ing做宾语的动词admit,advise,keep,pardon,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,forbid,imagine,mind,miss,permit,practice,risk,
3、can'thelp,feellike,giveup,objectto(反对),oppose,putoff(推迟),get/beusedto,befondof,lookforwardto,concentrateon,putoff,prevent…from...4某些习惯用法中常省掉介词Heisbusy(in)preparingareport.Theyspentalotoftime(in)makingpreparations.Wehadgreatdifficulty(in)findinghishouse.Iamhavinggreattroub
4、lecatchingupwithhiminEnglish.常可以省略介词的惯用法haveagoodtimedoing,haveahardtimedoing,havetroubledoing,havedifficultydoing,havefundoing,bebusydoing,spendtimedoing…5动词不定式作主语表示具体的特定情景下或有待于完成的动作通常用不定式Tofinishreadingsuchalongnovelwilltakemeseveraldays.Swimmingisgoodforhealth,buttoswi
5、minsuchapollutedriverisharmfultohealth.6不定式做宾语Iwanttodoitmyself.只用不定式做宾语的有:refuse,promise,pretend,wish,hope,agree,ask,decide,expect,manage,offer,appear,beg,fail,prepare,aim,arrange,attempt（试图）,choose,happen,plan,want,seem,prove(证明）7动名词和不定式作宾语的差异1)有些动词可带动名词，也可带todo作宾语，差异不大
6、。一般说来，作宾语的动名词更重一般情况，不定式则强调具体情况。如:prefer,learn,continue等。IlikereadingnovelsbutIdon'tliketoreadthisnovel.Ilikeswimming----Iliketo(goto)swimtoday.2)有些动词后加不定式和动名词意思有差别如：remember,forget,try,goon,regret,mean,want,need,require等。8既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语但意义不同的动词:remember(记得)，forget(忘记)，re
7、gret(后悔)后接不定式指该不定式所表示的动作还未发生，后接动名词(有时可用完成式)，则指该动名词所表示的动作已经发生。比较：Remembertoposttheletter.记住把这封信寄了。(“寄信”未发生)Irememberpostingtheletter.我记得寄了那封信。(“寄信”已发生)Heforgottopaymethemoney.他忘记要给我付钱了。(“付钱”未发生)Heforgotpayingmethemoney.他忘记曾给我付过钱。(“付钱”发生了)(2)try后接不定式表示设法做某事，接动名词表示做某事试试(看有什么
8、效果)。如：I’lltrytocometomorrow.我明天设法来。Let’stryknockingatthebackdoor.咱们敲敲后门试试。9(3)mean后接不定式表示打算(想要)做
