高中无机有机化学反应方程式.doc

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1、﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡无机化学反应方程式﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡§1◆碱金属元素4Na+O2===2Na2O2Na2O+O2Na2O24Na+2O22Na2O22Na+S===Na2S（爆炸）2Na+2H2O===2NaOH+H2↑　　Na2O+H2O===2NaOH2Na2O2+2H2O===4NaOH+O2↑(此反应分两步:Na2O2+2H2O===2NaOH+H2O2；2H2O2===2H2O+O2.)Na2O+CO2===Na2CO32Na2O2+2CO2===2Na2CO3+O2Na2CO3+HCl===NaHCO3+NaClNaHCO3+HCl===NaCl+H2O+CO2

2、↑Na2CO3+2HCl===2NaCl+H2O+CO2↑2NaHCO3Na2CO3+H2O+CO2↑4Li+O22Li2O2K+2H2O===2KOH+H2↑NaHCO3+NaOH==Na2CO3+H2ONa2CO3+H2O+CO2=2NaHCO32NaOH+CO2(少量)==Na2CO3+H2ONaOH+CO2（多量）==NaHCO3Na2CO3+Ca(OH)2=CaCO3↓+2NaOH2NaOH+SO2（少量）===Na2SO3+H2ONaOH+SO2（足量）===NaHSO3NaOH+H2S（足量）===NaHS+H2O2NaOH+H2S（少量）===Na2S+2H2ON

3、aOH+HCl===NaCl+H2OCO2+Ca(OH)2(过量)===CaCO3↓+H2O2CO2(过量)+Ca(OH)2===Ca(HCO3)2Na2O+2HCl===2NaCl+H2ONa2O+SO3===Na2SO4CaCO3CaO+CO2↑MgCO3MgO+CO2↑2Fe(OH)3Fe2O3+3H2OMg(OH)2MgO+H2OCu(OH)2CuO+H2O2Al(OH)3Al2O3+3H2OCaCO3+H2O+CO2=Ca(HCO3)22NaOH+CuSO4==Cu(OH)2↓+Na2SO43NaOH+FeCl3====Fe(OH)3↓+3NaCl§2卤族元素Cl2+C

4、uCuCl23Cl2+2Fe2FeCl3Cl2+2Na2NaClCl2+H22HCl3Cl2+2P2PCl3Cl2+PCl3PCl5Cl2+H2O==HCl+HClOCl2+2NaOH===NaCl+NaClO+H2O2Cl2+2Ca(OH)2===CaCl2+Ca(ClO)2+2H2OCl2+2FeCl2===2FeCl3Ca(ClO)2+H2O+CO2(少量)==CaCO3↓+2HClOCa(ClO)2+2H2O+2CO2(多量)==Ca(HCO3)2↓+2HClOCa(ClO)2+2HCl==CaCl2+2HClO（强酸制弱酸）2HClO2HCl+O2↑F2+H2===2H

5、F2F2+2H2O===4HF+O2Br2+H2===2HBr(500oC)I2+H22HI2Cl2+2NaBr===2NaCl+Br2Cl2+2KI===2KCl+I2HCl+AgNO3===AgCl↓+HNO3Br2+2KI===2KBr+I24HCl(浓)+MnO2MnCl2+Cl2↑+2H2OHCl+AgNO3===AgCl↓+HNO3HCl+AgNO3=AgCl↓（白色）+HNO3NaBr+AgNO3=AgBr↓（浅黄色）+NaNO3NaI+AgNO3===AgI↓(黄色)+NaNO32AgBr2Ag＋Br2(AgCl、AgI类似)Na2SO3+H2O+Cl2==Na2

6、SO4+2HClHClO+H2O＋SO2=H2SO4+HCl§3氧族元素H2+SH2S2Na+SNa2SFe+SFeS2Cu+SCu2SS+O2SO23O22O32O33O22H2O22H2O+O2↑H2SH2+S2H2S+SO2==3S↓+2H2O2H2S+O2（少量）2H2O+2SH2S+CuSO4=CuS↓+H2SO4SO2+H2OH2SO3SO2+2NaOH=Na2SO3+H2ONa2SO3+H2O＋SO2=2NaHSO3SO2+Ca(OH)2=CaSO3↓+H2OSO2+O22SO3Cl2+SO2+2H2O=H2SO4+2HCl(Br2、I2类似)SO3+H2O=H2S

7、O42H2S+3O2（足量）2H2O+2SO2(Cl2、Br2、I2、SO2都可氧化)2NaCl+H2SO4(浓)Na2SO4+2HCl2H2SO4(浓)+CuCuSO4+2H2O+SO2↑2H2SO4(浓)+CCO2↑+2H2O+2SO2↑2Na2SO3+O2=2Na2SO44FeS2+11O22Fe2O3+8SO2Na2SO3+H2SO4=Na2SO4+SO2+H2OFeS+2HCl=H2S↑+FeCl2FeS+H2SO4=H2S↑+FeSO4Na2SO3+H2O+Cl2==