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1、DataMining Classification:BasicConcepts,DecisionTrees,andModelEvaluationLectureNotesforChapter4IntroductiontoDataMiningbyTan,Steinbach,Kumar©Tan,Steinbach,KumarIntroductiontoDataMining4/18/20041Classification:DefinitionGivenacollectionofrecords(trainingset)Eachrecordcontainsasetofattrib
2、utes,oneoftheattributesistheclass.Findamodelforclassattributeasafunctionofthevaluesofotherattributes.Goal:previouslyunseenrecordsshouldbeassignedaclassasaccuratelyaspossible.Atestsetisusedtodeterminetheaccuracyofthemodel.Usually,thegivendatasetisdividedintotrainingandtestsets,withtraini
3、ngsetusedtobuildthemodelandtestsetusedtovalidateit.IllustratingClassificationTaskExamplesofClassificationTaskPredictingtumorcellsasbenignormalignantClassifyingcreditcardtransactions aslegitimateorfraudulentClassifyingsecondarystructuresofprotein asalpha-helix,beta-sheet,orrandom coilCat
4、egorizingnewsstoriesasfinance, weather,entertainment,sports,etcClassificationTechniquesDecisionTreebasedMethodsRule-basedMethodsMemorybasedreasoningNeuralNetworksNaïveBayesandBayesianBeliefNetworksSupportVectorMachinesExampleofaDecisionTreecategoricalcategoricalcontinuousclassRefundMarS
5、tTaxIncYESNONONOYesNoMarriedSingle,Divorced<80K>80KSplittingAttributesTrainingDataModel:DecisionTreeAnotherExampleofDecisionTreecategoricalcategoricalcontinuousclassMarStRefundTaxIncYESNONONOYesNoMarriedSingle,Divorced<80K>80KTherecouldbemorethanonetreethatfitsthesamedata!DecisionTreeCl
6、assificationTaskDecisionTreeApplyModeltoTestDataRefundMarStTaxIncYESNONONOYesNoMarriedSingle,Divorced<80K>80KTestDataStartfromtherootoftree.ApplyModeltoTestDataRefundMarStTaxIncYESNONONOYesNoMarriedSingle,Divorced<80K>80KTestDataApplyModeltoTestDataRefundMarStTaxIncYESNONONOYesNoMarried
7、Single,Divorced<80K>80KTestDataApplyModeltoTestDataRefundMarStTaxIncYESNONONOYesNoMarriedSingle,Divorced<80K>80KTestDataApplyModeltoTestDataRefundMarStTaxIncYESNONONOYesNoMarriedSingle,Divorced<80K>80KTestDataApplyModeltoTestDataRefundMarStTaxIncYESNONONOYesNoMarriedSingle,Divo
