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1、PotentialofNanogeneratorAdv.FuncMater.,2008(18)1-15.OutlineProofofprincipleofZnOnanowirespowergenerationtriggeredbyanAFMtip(Wangetal,Science2006)Nanoscalegenerator(Wangetal,Science2007)andpotentialapplicationsControversyregardingthepowergenerationmechanismn-typeZnOnanowiregrownonAl2O
2、3substrategeneratingelectricitybydeformingNWwithAFMtipAlignedZnONWsgrownonAl2O3Science,312(2006)242-246.OutputvoltagefromalignedZnOnanowiresScience,312(2006)242-246.SharpoutputvoltagePeakcorrespondstomaximumdeflectionofNWDischargeoccurswhentipcontactswithcompressedsideElectronaffinit
3、yofZnO:4.5eVWorkfunctionofAg:4.2eVWorkfunctionofPt:6.1eVVL=Vm-VSMechanismofZnONanogeneratorTransportisgovernedbymetal-semiconductorSchottkybarrierforPZZnONWScience,312(2006)242-246.ThedifferenceofOhmicandSchottkyNooutputsignalformAl-In-coatedSitip(ohmiccontactwithZnONW)Adv.FuncMater.
4、,2008(18)1-15.ZnONanogeneratorstructureZig-ZagPtcoatedSielectrodeplaystheroleofanarrayofAFMtipsDeviceembeddedinapolymerprotectinglayerSchematicviewandSEMimagesofthenanogeneratorNanogeneratorimmersedinanultrasonicbathDirect-CurrentNanogeneratorDrivenbyUltrasonicWavesWangetalScience200
5、7,316p102PowergenerationmechanismsSchematicviewofthedischargingmechanismsEquivalentcircuitSEMcross-sectionviewofthenanogeneratorPowergenerationDevicesize:2mm2Powergenerated:1pWCurrent,biasandresistanceofthegeneratorasafunctionoftimeCurrentgeneratedasafunctionoftimeEstimatedpowerperNW
6、:1-4fWPowerdensityafteroptimization(109activeNWpercm2):1-4µW/cm2Applications:transistorsandLEDAgeneratorproviding10to50nWisrequiredtopowersuchacrossNWFETa.GatedependentIVcharacteristicsofacrossNWFETb.SEMimageofacrossNWjunction,scalebaris1µmHuangY.etal,Science2001284p1313Currentandemi
7、ssionintensityofacarbonnanotubesfilmasafunctionofgatevoltage(Vdwas1V)ChenJ.etal,Science2005,310,p1171µWpowerlevelneededforaCNTLEDApplications:wirelesssensorsEnergyHarvestingFromHumanandMachineMotionforWirelessElectronicDevicesMitchesonetal,proceedingsoftheIEEE,Vol96,N.9,2008Sensornod
8、es(motes)app
