初中英语语法-被动语态讲解与练习ppt课件.ppt

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1、中考语法精讲——被动语态1.被动语态的基本构成：be+动词的过去分词（be+done)2.英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。一.主动语态表示:主语是动作的执行者.二.被动语态表示:主语是动作的承受者主动语态变被动语态的方法（主语）（宾语）主动语态：动作的执行者+谓语动词的主动形式+动作的承受者被动语态：动作的承受者+谓语动词的被动形式+动作的执行者（主语）（宾语）说明：（1）要将主动句里的宾语变为被动句中的主语，若主动句中的宾语为人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。（2）把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格变宾格，并由by引导。（3)谓语

2、动词变成相应的被动形式。各种时态的被动语态构成1.一般现在时：2.一般过去时：3.情态动词：4.一般将来时：5.现在进行时：6.现在完成时：7.过去进行时：主语+am/is/are+过去分词主语+was/were+过去分词主语+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词主语+will+be+过去分词主语+am/is/are+being+过去分词.主语+have/has+been+过去分词S+was/were+being+过去分词过去分词的用法也有两个特点：一是表示完成.二是表示被动.规则动词的过去分词在动词原形后加“ｅｄ”构成三

3、.过去分词只强调被动意思，表明动作已经完成.1.规则动词的过去分词：1)一般情况在动词原形后加-edwatch---watched2)以不发音e结尾的加-dpractice---practiced3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-ed4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed2.不规则动词的过去分词：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone1.一般现在时am/is/are+done1.Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.2.Theclassr

4、oomiscleanedbyuseveryday.Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday.主谓宾(受动者)Bowlsarewashedbyhisbrothereveryday.Heplantstreesinspring.主谓宾(受动者)Treesareplantedbyhim改为被动语态inspring.TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinBei

5、jing.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.ThesemachinesaremadeinBeijing.2.一般过去时was/were+doneHeputonacoat.Acoatwasputonbyhim.Hemadethekite.Thekitewasmadebyhim.2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm．Tencomputerswereb

6、ought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedthisroomforresting.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroom

7、wascleanedbyusjustnow.Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.3.一般将来时shall/will/begoingto+bedone1.Theywillplanttreestomorrow.一.Treeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow2.Heisgoingtowritealettertohismother.二.Aletterisgoingtobewrittentohismotherbyhim.Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.主谓宾(受动者)Thero

8、omwillbecleanedbyTomtomorrow.Wewillholdasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosi