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1、第一讲名词名词专有名词:Beijing、China、July、theSun普通名词:apple,pen,doctor(指一般的人,事物等)人名、地名、事物、机构、国家等,首字母要大写。定义:指人或事物的名称的词.普通名词可数名词不可数名词:能够以数计算的事物的名词:不能以数计算的名词(milk,water,rice…)(pen,student,desk…)appleapplesbookbooksgirlgirlsbusbusesboxboxeswatchwatchesdishdishes试一试beachbrushclassp
2、eachfox---beaches---brushes---classes---peaches---foxesbabybabiescherrycherriesmonkeymonkeysboyboys试一试librarycitydaytoybutterfly---libraries---cities---days---toys---butterflieswolfwolvesknifeknives巧记以f或fe结尾的名称树叶半数自己黄妻子拿刀去割粮架后窜出一只狼就像盗贼逃命亡leafhalfselfwifeknifeshelfw
3、olfthieflifetomatoespotatoes以O结尾事真多英雄喜欢吃西红柿、土豆和芒果heroestomatoespotatoesmangoes名词的复数(规则变化)1.一般情况词尾+s2.以s,x,ch,sh结尾的+es3.以辅音+y结尾的,把y改成i+es但是元音+y结尾的,直接+s4.以f,fe结尾的把f,fe改为v,再加es5.以o结尾的部分名词,加–es123654不规则变化child--NOUN.childrenman-mengoose--geesefoot--feetmouse--mice1.单复数
4、同形的名词:羊,鱼,鹿sheepfishdeer2.只有复数形式trouserspantsglasses可数名词的单数变复数(不规则变化)3.单复数不同形(特殊名词的变化):1)改变中间元音foot—feettooth—teethgoose—geeseman—menwoman—womenmouse-mice2)词尾加-en或-renchild—childrenox—oxen有的单词虽然是s结尾,但是是不可数名词news(新闻)physics(物理)maths(数学)politics(政治)e.g.Mathsisauseful
5、language.合成词的复数lemontreetoyshopcomputergamelemontreestoyshopscomputergames将主体词变为复数mandoctormendoctorswomanteacherwomenteachersChineseJapaneseEnglishmanFrenchmanAmericanGerman国人复数不难记中日人民一致的,英法联军a改e,其他国人加s,重点提防德国人。ChineseEnglishmanAmericanChineseEnglishmenAmericansJa
6、paneseFrenchmanGermanJapaneseFrenchmenGermans名词单数变复数的发音规则情况构成方法读音规则例词一般情况词尾加-s(1)清辅音/p/,/k/,/t/,/f/等后读/s/maps,books,boats(2)在浊辅/b/,/d/,/g/,/η/,/l/,/m/,/n/等和元音后读/z/verbs,birds,bags,kings,hills,names,pens以-s,-sh,-ch,-x结尾的名词词尾加-es读/iz/buses,watches,wishes,boxes以-o结尾的名
7、词词尾加-s或-es读/z/radios,kangaroos,heroes,potatoes以-y结尾的名词(1)以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,变y为i加-es读/iz/cities,babies(2)以元音字母+y结尾的名词,加s读/z/days,boys,toys以f或fe结尾的名词变f或fe为v,再加es读/vz/knives,leavesHey!Welcometomyhouse!sheepHowmanysheeparethereinyourfamily?Therearesevensheep.Howmanymicearet
8、hereinyourfamily?mouseTherearesixmice.gooseHowmanygeesearethereinyourfamily?Therearetengeese.练一练看一看这些知识你都会了吗?Ihavetwo___and___.A.leg,feetB.legs,f